ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Combining Oxidative Stress Markers and Expression of Surfactant Protein A in Lungs in the Diagnosis of Seawater Drowning.
Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rescue strategies combining ultra-protective ventilation and veno-venous ECMO in a patient with near-drowning-related severe ARDS: a case report and literature review.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell treatment alleviates seawater drowning induced lung injury by inhibiting the TNFα/Snail/EMT pathway.Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Article
- Oxidative stress and NF-KB/iNOS inflammatory pathway as innovative biomarkers for diagnosis of drowning and differentiating it from postmortem submersion in both fresh and saltwater in rats.International journal of legal medicine · 2024Article
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5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesThe diagnosis of seawater drowning (SWD) remains one of the most complex and contentious. It is one of the leading causes of unintentional death around the world. In most cases, the forensic pathologist must reach an accurate diagnosis from the autopsy findings and a series of complementary tests such as histopathological, biological, and chemical studies. Despite the lung being the most affected organ in death by submersion, there are few studies on this type of death's impact on this organ. The aim was to investigate human lung cadavers of forensic cases due to different causes of death, the concentration of the oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and γ-glutamyl-l-cysteinyl glycine (GSH), and the relationship with the expression of surfactant protein A (SP-A) to try to discriminate SWD from other types of causes of death. MATERIALS AND
methodsA total of 93 forensic autopsy cases were analyzed. Deaths were classified into three major groups based on the scene, cause of death, and autopsy findings (external foam, frothy fluid in airways, overlapping medial edges of the lungs): (a) drowning in seawater (n = 35), (b) other asphyxia (n = 33), such as hangings (n = 23), suffocations (n = 6), and strangulation (n = 4), and (c) other causes (n = 25), such as multiple suffocations. Oxidative stress markers (MDA and GSH) and the immunohistochemical expression of SP-A were determined in both lungs.
resultsMDA levels were statistically higher in both lungs in cases of SWD than in other causes of death (
conclusionsDetermining the levels of MDA and GSH in lung tissue and the expression level of SP-A can be of great importance in diagnosing SWD and the circumstances of death. A better understanding of the physiology of submersion is essential for its possible repercussions in adopting measures in the approach to patients who have survived a submersion process. It is also necessary for forensic pathology to correctly interpret the events that lead to submersion.
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