ArticleJournal of personalized medicine2023
Effectiveness of Augmented and Virtual Reality-Based Interventions in Improving Knowledge, Attitudes, Empathy and Stigma Regarding People with Mental Illnesses-A Scoping Review.
Article in Journal of personalized medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of a Virtual Reality Intervention on Stigma, Empathy, and Attitudes Toward Patients With Psychotic Disorders Among Mental Health Care Professionals: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mental health · 2025Trial
- Can virtual reality technology be used for empathy education in medical students: a randomized case-control study.BMC medical education · 2024Trial
- Enhancing Psychiatry Training Using an Agentic AI Simulated Consultation Tool: Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR medical education · 2026Article
- A perspective on shifting trends in paediatric behaviour management.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Review
- Digital Psychiatry with Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality: Recent Advances and Limitations.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Treating Behavioral Addictions With Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality: Scoping Review.Interactive journal of medical research · 2026Review
- Virtual Reality-Enhanced Training for Trauma-Informed Care Among Residential and Child Mental Health Professionals: Pre-Post Evaluation Study.JMIR medical education · 2026Article
- Augmented reality-supported self-care training and clinical outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- A scoping review and expert consensus on digital determinants of health.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2025Article
- Virtually Connected: Do Shared Novel Activities in Virtual Reality Enhance Self-Expansion and Relationship Quality?Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Bibliometric Study of the Evidence About Applying Virtual Reality in Mental Health Care.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Review
- Undergraduate student nurses' experience of using standardized patient simulation in mental health course: A qualitative study.BMC nursing · 2024Article
- Using Immersive Environments in E-Mental Health Rehabilitation Programs Directed to Future Health Professionals to Promote Empathy and Health Literacy about Schizophrenia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Sensory Integration: A Novel Approach for Healthy Ageing and Dementia Management.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Visitor characteristics and changes in mental health stigma after attending the Mind Space mental health experience exhibition.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Working under pressure: How virtual reality and psychoeducation shape stress and moral distress responses in nurses.Digital healthArticle
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Interventions adopting augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) modalities allow participants to explore and experience realistic scenarios, making them useful psycho-educational tools for mental illnesses. This scoping review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of AR/VR interventions in improving (1) knowledge, (2) attitudes, (3) empathy and (4) stigma regarding people with mental illnesses. Literature on published studies in English up till April 2022 was searched within several databases. Sixteen articles were included. The majority of studies were conducted in the West (93.8%), within undergraduates (68.8%) but also amongst high school students, patients, caregivers, public including online community, and covered conditions including psychotic illnesses, dementia, anxiety and depression. A preponderance of these included studies which employed AR/VR based interventions observed improvements in knowledge (66.7%), attitudes (62.5%), empathy (100%) and reduction of stigma (71.4%) pertaining to people with mental illnesses. In the context of relatively limited studies, extant AR/VR based interventions could potentially improve knowledge, attitudes, empathy and decrease stigma regarding people with mental illness. Further research needs to be conducted in larger and more diverse samples to investigate the relatively beneficial effects of different AR/VR modalities and the durability of observed improvements of relevant outcomes of interests over time for different mental conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.