ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Theophylline Attenuates BLM-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting Th17 Differentiation.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elevated lactate production exacerbates PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis by stabilizing TGF-β1.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Tweaking the Complex Fibrogenic Role of Lymphocytes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Article
- Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Cellular Heterogeneity, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Implications.MedComm · 2025Review
- Interstitial Lung Disease: Does It Represent a Real Comorbidity in Spondyloarthritis Patients? Results from an Ultrasound Monocentric Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Sexual dimorphism of lung immune-regulatory units imprint biased pulmonary fibrosis.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Article
- Integrative Analysis of Drug Co-Prescriptions in Peritoneal Dialysis Reveals Molecular Targets and Novel Strategies for Intervention.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Advances in understanding the role of interleukins in pulmonary fibrosis (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2025Review
- hAMSCs regulate EMT in the progression of experimental pulmonary fibrosis through delivering miR-181a-5p targeting TGFBR1.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Alveolar epithelial cell dysfunction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis pathogenesis.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Review
- CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Development of a Novel Biomarker for the Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Single-cell RNA-seq reveals immune cell heterogeneity and increased Th17 cells in human fibrotic skin diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- MiR-148a-3p within HucMSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Suppresses Hsp90b1 to Prevent Fibroblast Collagen Synthesis and Secretion in Silica-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Protein Phosphatase 2A as a Therapeutic Target in Pulmonary Diseases.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and refractory interstitial lung disease. Although there are two approved drugs for IPF, they were not able to completely cure the disease. Therefore, the development of new drugs is required for the effective treatment of IPF. In this study, we investigated the effect of theophylline, which has long been used for the treatment of asthma, on pulmonary fibrosis. The administration of theophylline attenuated the fibrotic changes of lung tissues and improved mechanical pulmonary functions in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Theophylline treatment suppressed IL-17 production through inhibiting cytokines controlling Th17 differentiation; TGF-β, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-23. The inhibition of IL-6 and IL-1β by theophylline is mediated by suppressing BLM-induced ROS production and NF-κB activation in epithelial cells. We further demonstrated that theophylline inhibited TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in epithelial cells through suppressing the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and AKT. The inhibitory effects of theophylline on the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and AKT were recapitulated in BLM-treated lung tissues. Taken together, these results demonstrated that theophylline prevents pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting Th17 differentiation and TGF-β signaling.
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