Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36674405›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2023

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Chronic Diseases: Identifying a Cut-Point for ACE Scores.

Fahad M Alhowaymel, Karen A Kalmakis, Lisa M Chiodo, Nicole M Kent, Maha Almuneef

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
13.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Social emotional learning and autonomic regulation enhance social connectedness in female adolescents with extensive exposure to adverse childhood experiences.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2026
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  10. Adverse Childhood Experiences, Psychological Distress, and Resilience in Health Professions Students.Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges · 2025
    Article
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  12. Skin-deep resilience in the Black women's experiences living with lupus study.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Fahad M AlhowaymelDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11911, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-8664-0353
Karen A KalmakisElaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8571-9951
Lisa M ChiodoElaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
Nicole M KentElaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
Maha AlmuneefCollege of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia.
University of Massachusetts Amherst · USKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences · SAShaqra University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) contribute to many negative physiological, psychological, and behavioral health consequences. However, a cut-point for adverse childhood experience (ACE) scores, as it pertains to health outcomes, has not been clearly identified. This ambiguity has led to the use of different cut-points to define high scores. The aim of this study is to clarify a cut-point at which ACEs are significantly associated with negative chronic health outcomes. To accomplish this aim, a secondary analysis using data from a cross-sectional study was conducted. The Adverse Childhood Experiences-International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, nonparametric regression, and logistic regression analyses were performed on a sample of 10,047 adults. Data from demographic and self-report health measures were included. The results showed that a cut-point of four or more ACEs was significantly associated with increased rates of chronic disease. Participants with at least one chronic disease were almost 3 times more likely (OR = 2.8) to be in the high ACE group. A standardized cut-point for ACE scores will assist in future research examining the impact of high ACEs across cultures to study the effect of childhood experiences on health.

Indexed as

Adverse Childhood ExperiencesAdultChronic DiseaseCross-Sectional StudiesHumansAdverse Childhood Experienceschildhood traumachronic diseasecut-point

Identifiers

PMID36674405
PMCPMC9863315
OpenAlexW4316672738

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.