Trial reportInternational journal of environmental research and public health2023
Virtual Reality Exercise Program Effects on Body Mass Index, Depression, Exercise Fun and Exercise Immersion in Overweight Middle-Aged Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virtual reality-based exercise interventions for the treatment of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality Exercise Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- The improvement effects and mechanisms of virtual reality training on depression: a systematic review from a neurotransmitter-plasticity dual-pathway perspective.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluating the use of virtual reality for weight management: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of combined physical and cognitive training on depression symptoms in adults across clinical populations.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Virtual reality-enhanced exergames for weight control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The impact of Exergames on emotional experience: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- The effect of Virtual Reality Cycling with Music on simple obesity in college students: evidence from a randomized controlled trial in China.Frontiers in public health · 2024Trial
- Virtual reality interventions in obesity and eating disorders: a systematic review of biomarker, clinical, and behavioral outcomes.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- A systematic review on mindfulness-based immersive interventions in depressive disorders.Npj mental health research · 2026Review
- Usefulness of a virtual reality programme for body self-image in obese and overweight patients: a focus on gender differences - a randomised trial.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- The impact of natural and urban environmental settings on exercise and perceptual responses during virtual reality-based exercise.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Impact of a combined care ambulatory and home-based aerobic exercise program using wearables on anxiety and depression in patients with metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Guideline-Based Digital Exercise Interventions for Reducing Body Weight and Fat and Promoting Physical Activity in Adults With Overweight and Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Interactive journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Acceptability of and Willingness to Use Virtual Reality Exergames for Weight Loss Among Young Adults With Overweight or Obesity in China: Qualitative Study.JMIR serious games · 2025Article
- Perceptions of Immersive Virtual Reality for Physical Activity Among Individuals with Hypertension at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Virtual and Traditional Physical Activity Programs: Effects on Physical, Health, and Cognitive Outcomes.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Efficacy of exergaming dance and aerobic dance on young adults' enjoyment, situational motivation, self-efficacy, and steps.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Effectiveness and acceptance of virtual reality vs. traditional exercise in obese adults: a pilot randomized trial.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: This study explored the effects of a virtual reality exercise program on overweight middle-aged women. Methods: This randomized controlled trial included women 40−65 years of age with a body mass index (BMI) of 23 kg/m2 or more living in Daejeon City. The virtual reality environment was set up by attaching an IoT sensor to an indoor bicycle and linking it with a smartphone, enabling exercise in an immersive virtual reality through a head-mounted display. Results: In the virtual reality exercise group, the BMI was significantly decreased after the 8-week intervention compared with the baseline value (F = 59.491, p < 0.001). The depression scores were significantly different among the three groups, with the intervention effect being more significant in the virtual reality exercise group than in the indoor bicycle exercise and control groups (F = 3.462, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the levels of exercise fun (F = 12.373, p < 0.001) and exercise immersion (F = 14.629, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the virtual reality exercise group than in the indoor bicycle exercise and control groups. Conclusions: The virtual reality exercise program positively affected the BMI and the levels of depression, exercise fun, and exercise immersion in overweight middle-aged women. It is an effective home exercise program for obesity management in this population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.