ReviewBiomedicines2023
IGF2: A Role in Metastasis and Tumor Evasion from Immune Surveillance?
Review in Biomedicines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Metabolic syndrome and bladder cancer risk: a comprehensive evidence synthesis combining bibliometric and meta-analysis approaches.BMC urology · 2025Pooled it
- Fibroblast-specific ablation of MHC-I antigen presentation via the IGF2 axis cripples CD8Science advances · 2026Article
- Pan-filovirus activity of an IGF2-fused monoclonal antibody: Impairment by IGF1R cross-engagement and rescue via IGF2 Y27L mutation.Virus research · 2026Article
- Common genetic variation of the IGF2 gene and epithelial ovarian cancer risk in Chinese population.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- HBx-Associated Reactivation of the IGF2 Locus in Chronic HBV Infection and HBV-Related Hepatocarcinogenesis: Evidence Boundaries and Biomarker Implications.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Multimodal blood based proteomic profiling reveals insights into mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Bidirectional Interactions Between Immune Regulation and the Insulin-like Growth Factor Axis in Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Tumor cell villages define the co-dependency of tumor and microenvironment in liver cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Association between four indirect indicators of insulin resistance and lung cancer: evidence from UK biobank and Mendelian randomization analysis.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Prognostic Significance of Tumor-Cell VISTA Expression on Survival Outcomes in Nivolumab-Treated Pleural Mesothelioma: The HOT1901 Retrospective Multi-Institutional Study.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Article
- The Impact of IGFBP6 Knockdown on Cholesterol Metabolism in Breast Cancer Cells.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Role of insulin-like growth factor/receptor signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatology forum · 2026Review
- Targeting MED23 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma development by suppressing compensatory proliferation and facilitating ROS-mediated cell death.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Hypoxia-driven metastatic progression in synovial sarcoma: insights from SYO-1 and SW982 models.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Article
- Increased IGF2 and Immunosuppressive Cell Populations in Ascites of Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Targeting Cancer Translational Plasticity: IRES-Driven Metabolism and Survival Within the Tumor Microenvironment.Cancers · 2025Review
- Allelic expression patterns of imprinted and non-imprinted genes in cancer cell lines from multiple histologies.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is upregulated in both childhood and adult malignancies. Its overexpression is associated with resistance to chemotherapy and worse prognosis. However, our understanding of its physiological and pathological role is lagging behind what we know about IGF1. Dysregulation of the expression and function of IGF2 receptors, insulin receptor isoform A (IR-A), insulin growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R), and their downstream signaling effectors drive cancer initiation and progression. The involvement of IGF2 in carcinogenesis depends on its ability to link high energy intake, increase cell proliferation, and suppress apoptosis to cancer risk, and this is likely the key mechanism bridging insulin resistance to cancer. New aspects are emerging regarding the role of IGF2 in promoting cancer metastasis by promoting evasion from immune destruction. This review provides a perspective on IGF2 and an update on recent research findings. Specifically, we focus on studies providing compelling evidence that IGF2 is not only a major factor in primary tumor development, but it also plays a crucial role in cancer spread, immune evasion, and resistance to therapies. Further studies are needed in order to find new therapeutic approaches to target IGF2 action.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.