ArticleCells2023
Early Regional Patterning in the Human Prefrontal Cortex Revealed by Laminar Dynamics of Deep Projection Neuron Markers.
Article in Cells, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Orchestrated molecular changes of proliferative, migratory-fibrillar, synaptic, and postmigratory compartments align with precocious cortex-type specification in the early human pallium.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Temporal Transcriptional Regulation of Human Neuronal Differentiation via Forward Programming.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Impact of prenatal environmental exposure on offspring neurodevelopment and susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases: mechanisms and perspectives.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- DHARANI: A 3D Developing Human-Brain Atlas Resource to Advance Neuroscience Internationally Integrated Multimodal Imaging and High-Resolution Histology of the Second Trimester.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2025Article
- Initial regional cytoarchitectonic differences in dorsal and orbitobasal human developing frontal cortex revealed by spatial transcriptomics.Brain structure & function · 2024Article
- Development of the basic architecture of neocortical circuitry in the human fetus as revealed by the coupling spatiotemporal pattern of synaptogenesis along with microstructure and macroscale in vivo MR imaging.Brain structure & function · 2024Article
- Evolution of Consciousness.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Maturational networks of human fetal brain activity reveal emerging connectivity patterns prior to ex-utero exposure.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Editorial: The earliest-born cortical neurons as multi-tasking pioneers: expanding roles for subplate neurons in cerebral cortex organization and function, volume II.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Early regional patterning and laminar position of cortical projection neurons is determined by activation and deactivation of transcriptional factors (TFs) and RNA binding proteins (RBPs) that regulate spatiotemporal framework of neurogenetic processes (proliferation, migration, aggregation, postmigratory differentiation, molecular identity acquisition, axonal growth, dendritic development, and synaptogenesis) within transient cellular compartments. Deep-layer projection neurons (DPN), subplate (SPN), and Cajal-Retzius neurons (CRN) are early-born cells involved in the establishment of basic laminar and regional cortical architecture; nonetheless, laminar dynamics of their molecular transcriptional markers remain underexplored. Here we aimed to analyze laminar dynamics of DPN markers, i.e., transcription factors TBR1, CTIP2, TLE4, SOX5, and RBP CELF1 on histological serial sections of the human frontal cortex between 7.5-15 postconceptional weeks (PCW) in reference to transient proliferative, migratory, and postmigratory compartments. The subtle signs of regional patterning were seen during the late preplate phase in the pattern of sublaminar organization of TBR1+/Reelin+ CRN and TBR1+ pioneering SPN. During the cortical plate (CP)-formation phase, TBR1+ neurons became radially aligned, forming continuity from a well-developed subventricular zone to CP showing clear lateral to medial regional gradients. The most prominent regional patterning was seen during the subplate formation phase (around 13 PCW) when a unique feature of the orbitobasal frontal cortex displays a "double plate" pattern. In other portions of the frontal cortex (lateral, dorsal, medial) deep portion of CP becomes loose and composed of TBR1+, CTIP2+, TLE4+, and CELF1+ neurons of layer six and later-born SPN, which later become constituents of the expanded SP (around 15 PCW). Overall, TFs and RBPs mark characteristic regional laminar dynamics of DPN, SPN, and CRN subpopulations during remarkably early fetal phases of the highly ordered association cortex development.
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