ArticleBrain sciences2023
Long-Term Lithium Therapy and Thyroid Disorders in Bipolar Disorder: A Historical Cohort Study.
Article in Brain sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thyroid hormone levels in patients with bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Thyroid hormone augmentation for bipolar disorder: a neurobiological and clinical narrative review.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2026Review
- Thyroid peroxidase antibodies in bipolar disorder: implications for clinical sub-phenotypes and lithium response.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2026Article
- The association between thyroid hormone levels and psychiatric symptoms in patients with mania or depression.Endocrine journal · 2026Article
- The anxious bipolar phenotype: clinical complexity and treatment response.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2026Article
- The Anxious Bipolar Phenotype: Clinical Complexity and Treatment Resistance.Research square · 2026Article
- Antipsychotic use in bipolar disorder: clinical and genomic correlates- a Mayo clinic bipolar disorder biobank study.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2025Article
- Antipsychotic Use in Bipolar Disorder: Clinical and Genomic Correlates- A Mayo Clinic Bipolar Disorder Biobank Study.Research square · 2025Article
- Incidence and risk factors of hypothyroidism in psychiatric outpatients with long-term lithium treatment: a 10-year retrospective hospital-based study.Annals of general psychiatry · 2025Article
- Hypothyroidism Revealed During General Anesthesia in a Patient With Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Case Report.Anesthesia progress · 2025Article
- Lithium for Bipolar Disorder and Risk of Thyroid Dysfunction and Chronic Kidney Disease.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Patterns of pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorder: A GBC survey.Bipolar disorders · 2024Article
- Lithium: how low can you go?International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Article
- Lifetime risk of severe kidney disease in lithium-treated patients: a retrospective study.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2023Article
- Collecting Contributions for a Critical Issue: Progressing from Bench to Bedside in Bipolar Disorders.Brain sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Lithium has been a cornerstone treatment for bipolar disorder (BD). Despite descriptions in the literature regarding associations between long-term lithium therapy (LTLT) and development of a thyroid disorder (overt/subclinical hypo/hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodule, and goiter) in BD, factors such as time to onset of thyroid abnormalities and impact on clinical outcomes in the course of illness have not been fully characterized. In this study we aimed to compare clinical characteristics of adult BD patients with and without thyroid disorders who were on LTLT. We aimed to identify the incidence of thyroid disorders in patients with BD on LTLT and response to lithium between patients with and without thyroid disorders in BD. The Cox proportional model was used to find the median time to the development of a thyroid disorder. Our results showed that up to 32% of patients with BD on LTLT developed a thyroid disorder, of which 79% developed hypothyroidism, which was corrected with thyroid hormone replacement. We did not find significant differences in lithium response between patients with or without thyroid disorders in BD. Findings from this study suggest that patients with BD and comorbid thyroid disorders when adequately treated have a response to lithium similar to patients with BD and no thyroid disorders.
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