ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Factors Influencing the Implementation of Antimicrobial Stewardship in Primary Care: A Narrative Review.
Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of a Feedback Visit and a Clinical Decision Support System Based on Antibiotic Prescription Audit in Primary Care: Multiarm Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Trial
- Impact of a multifaceted intervention programme on antibiotic prescribing in out-of-hours primary care in five European countries: secondary analyses of the HAPPY PATIENT project.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Stewardship, Laboratory Surveillance, and Quality Management in Africa: A Narrative Review of Challenges and Opportunities for Integrated AMR Control.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Barriers and Facilitators in the Implementation of a Syndromic Antibiogram for Pediatric Patients Hospitalized in Maputo, Mozambique: A Qualitative Study Using the Dynamic Adaptation Process (DAP) Framework.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antibiotic Use in the Community in Spain: A National Surveillance System Within the Framework of the Spanish Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Pilot Study on Understanding the Contextual Factors Impacting the Implementation of an Antibiotic Stewardship Program in a Single Health Center Serving Rural and Underserved Communities in the United States-A Mixed-Methods Approach.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Perception of antimicrobial stewardship interventions in Swiss primary care: a mixed-methods survey.BJGP open · 2025Article
- Article
- Looking beyond effectiveness: Integration of social science research within international infectious disease research in primary care.The European journal of general practice · 2024Article
- Challenges and success stories of the implementation of infection control and antimicrobial stewardship strategies: proceedings of the 5th Global Ministerial Summit on Patient Safety, 2023.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2024Article
- Article
- Patient Stratification for Antibiotic Prescriptions Based on the Bound-Free Phase Detection Immunoassay of C-Reactive Protein in Serum Samples.Biosensors · 2023Article
- Is Education Alone Enough to Sustain Improvements of Antimicrobial Stewardship in General Practice in Australia? Results of an Intervention Follow-Up Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is directly driven by inappropriate use of antibiotics. Although the majority of antibiotics (an estimated 80%) are consumed in primary care settings, antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities in primary care remain underdeveloped and factors influencing their implementation are poorly understood. This can result in promising stewardship activities having little-to-no real-world impact. With this narrative review, we aim to identify and summarize peer-reviewed literature reporting on (1) the nature and impact of AMS interventions in primary care and (2) the individual and contextual factors influencing their implementation. Reported activities included AMS at different contextual levels (individual, collective and policy). AMS activities being often combined, it is difficult to evaluate them as stand-alone interventions. While some important individual and contextual factors were reported (difficulty to reach physicians leading to a low uptake of interventions, tight workflow of physicians requiring implementation of flexible and brief interventions and AMS as a unique opportunity to strengthen physician-patients relationship), this review identified a paucity of information in the literature about the factors that support or hinder implementation of AMS in primary care settings. In conclusion, identifying multilevel barriers and facilitators for AMS uptake is an essential step to explore before implementing primary care AMS interventions.
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Registered trials
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