ArticleTropical medicine and infectious disease2022
Antibiotic Consumption in Vanuatu before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2018 to 2021: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis.
Article in Tropical medicine and infectious disease, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Increased Antimicrobial Consumption, Isolation Rate, and Resistance Profiles of Multi-Drug ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hospital Antimicrobial Purchasing in Canada (2018-2021): An Exploratory Analysis.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2025Article
- Unveiling the drivers of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus in China: A comprehensive ecological study.Infectious medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Pharmacoepidemiological Analysis of Antibacterial Agents Used in a Provisional Hospital in Aktobe, Kazakhstan, in the Context of COVID-19: A Comparison with the Pre-Pandemic Period.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices of Ni-Vanuatu Health Workers Regarding Antibiotic Prescribing and Antibiotic Resistance, 2018 and 2022: A Mixed Methods Study.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Antibiotic resistance and the COVID-19 pandemic: A dual crisis with complex challenges in LMICs.Health science reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The study objectives were to examine antibiotic consumption at Vila Central Hospital (VCH), Vanuatu between January 2018 and December 2021 and the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic consumption during this period. Data on antibiotic usage were obtained from the Pharmacy database. We used the WHO's Anatomical Therapeutic Classification/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) index, VCH's inpatient bed numbers and the hospital's catchment population to calculate monthly antibiotic consumption. The results were expressed as DDDs per 100 bed days for inpatients (DBDs) and DDDs per 1000 inhabitants per day for outpatients (DIDs). Interrupted time series (ITS) was used to assess the influence of COVID-19 by comparing data before (January 2018 to January 2020) and during (February 2020 to December 2021) the pandemic. Ten antibiotics were examined. In total, 226 DBDs and 266 DBDs were consumed before and during COVID-19 by inpatients, respectively with mean monthly consumption being significantly greater during COVID-19 than before the pandemic (2.66 (
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