ArticleToxins2022
Citrinin Exposure in Germany: Urine Biomarker Analysis in Children and Adults.
Article in Toxins, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human biomonitoring of mycotoxins: key challenges and future directions.Mycotoxin research · 2025Review
- Article
- Mycotoxin Residues in Chicken Breast Muscle and Liver.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Recent Progress of Mycotoxin in Various Food Products-Human Exposure and Health Risk Assessment.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Mycotoxins - Determination of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, free ochratoxin α, gliotoxin, citrinin, and dihydrocitrinone in urine by LC-MS/MS: Biomonitoring Method - Translation of the German version from 2025.The MAK collection for occupational health and safety · 2025Article
- Article
- Reactions of citrinin with amino compounds modelling thermal food processing.Mycotoxin research · 2024Article
- Correction: Degen et al. Citrinin Exposure in Germany: Urine Biomarker Analysis in Children and Adults.Toxins · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Citrinin (CIT), a mycotoxin known to exert nephrotoxicity, is a contaminant in food and feed. Since CIT contamination is not regularly analyzed, data on its occurrence and especially levels in food commodities are insufficient for conducting a conventional exposure assessment. Yet, human biomonitoring, i.e., an analysis of CIT and its metabolite dihydrocitrinone (DH-CIT) in urine samples allows to estimate exposure. This study investigated CIT exposure in young (2-14 years) and adult (24-61 years) residents of three federal states in Germany. A total of 179 urine samples from children and 142 from adults were collected and analyzed by a targeted LC-MS/MS based method for presence of CIT and DH-CIT. At least one of the biomarkers was detected and quantified in all urines, which indicated a widespread dietary exposure to the mycotoxin in Germany. Interestingly, the biomarker concentrations of CIT
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.