ArticleGels (Basel, Switzerland)2022
RETRACTED: Design and Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded Topical Gels: Repurpose of Fluoxetine in Diabetic Wound Healing.
Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Formulation Attributes and Preclinical Wound Healing Outcomes of Natural Product Based Nanoemulsions: A Systematic Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Pooled it
- Potential of the Nano-Encapsulation of Antioxidant Molecules in Wound Healing Applications: An Innovative Strategy to Enhance the Bio-Profile.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- RETRACTED: Fatima et al. Design and Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded Topical Gels: Repurpose of Fluoxetine in Diabetic Wound Healing.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A multi therapy bioelectronic wound dressing.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Article
- Myrrh Oil-Based Nanoemulsion Loaded with Curcumin and Insulin: Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of Enhanced Antibacterial and Diabetic Wound-Healing Activity.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Exploration of recent advancements of nanoparticle-based therapeutics emphasis on diabetic-related chronic wound management: a comprehensive review.Archives of pharmacal research · 2026Review
- Targeted Fluoxetine Delivery Using Folic Acid-Modified PLGA Nanoparticles for Selective Uptake by Glioblastoma Cells.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Optimized Hesperidin-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles with Tea Tree Oil for Enhanced Wound Healing: Formulation, Characterization, and Evaluation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Could antidepressants increase mood and immunity at the same time?Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Newly Designed PCL-Wrapped Cryogel-Based Conduit Activated with IKVAV Peptide Derivative for Peripheral Nerve Repair.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Potential Synergy of Fluoxetine and Antibacterial Agents Against Skin and Soft Tissue Pathogens and Drug-Resistant Organisms.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Topical Meloxicam Hydroxypropyl Guar Hydrogels Based on Low-Substituted Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Solid Dispersions.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Combinational System of Lipid-Based Nanocarriers and Biodegradable Polymers for Wound Healing: An Updated Review.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Review
- Enhanced drug delivery and wound healing potential of berberine-loaded chitosan-alginate nanocomposite gel: characterization andFrontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The current study aimed to prepare a topical gel containing solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) encapsulating fluoxetine for diabetic wound healing effects. Fluoxetine (FX) was loaded into SLNs by employing an emulsion solvent evaporation technique using stearic acid as a lipid, and soya lecithin as a surfactant. SLNs were then evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), percent entrapment efficiency (%EE), percent drug loading (%DL), and in vitro drug release. The optimized SLN (FS3) composed of FX (100 mg), SA (150 mg), and SA (100 mg) displayed mean particle size (467.3 ± 2.2nm), PDI (0.435 ± 0.02), ZP (-32.2 ± 4.47mV), EE (95.8 ± 3.38%), and DL (16.4 ± 2.4%). FTIR and DSC studies denote drug-polymer compatibility and the amorphous nature of FX in the SLNs. The drug release at 24 h was found to be (98.89 ± 2.57%) which followed the fickian diffusion mechanism. SLN (FS3) was further loaded into carbopol gel and tested for pH, spreadability, and extrudability of pharmaceutical parameters. In-vitro release of FX from the SLN gel and plain gel was compared, diabetic wound healing gel (DWH) showed sustained drug delivery. An in vivo study was also performed for DWH gel in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Histopathological examination exhibited DWH gel-treated wounds have increased hydroxyproline, cellular proliferation, a rise in the number of blood vessels, and the level of collagen synthesis. Thus, DWH gel-loaded SLN encapsulated with FX could be a potential carrier for the effective treatment and management of diabetic wounds.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.