ArticleCureus2022
Cephradine-Induced Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Case Report of Treatment With Etanercept.
Article in Cureus, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare yet life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) to various causative agents, including medications, vaccinations, infections, and malignancies, in addition to some other uncommon external stimuli. TEN is characterized by the sudden appearance of generalizeddusky erythematous targetoid macules with a purpuric center, which coalesces to form bullae and flaccid blisters, leading to an eventual sheet-like epidermal detachment of all necrotic areas. Extensive epidermal denudation in TEN is usually accompanied by thermoregulatory impairment, insensible fluid loss, and hemodynamic instability. The severity of presentation for TEN is calculated through the use of a "Severity-of-Illness Score for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis" (SCORTEN) score. Certain medications, including antibiotics, anticonvulsants, corticosteroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are considered the primary cause of this dermatosis. In this report, we describe a case of TEN caused by Cephradine, a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic drug, in a 43-year-old South Asian male who presented to the emergency department one day after receiving Cephradine for the treatment of cellulitis. At presentation, this patient had a calculated SCORTEN score of 4 according to the SCORTEN criteria found in the literature, placing his mortality rate at 58%. His treatment plan consisted of a single 50mg dose of Etanercept (ENBREL), a soluble anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor (TNF-α) monoclonal antibody, as an emergent intervention at presentation, along with cyclosporine and hydrocortisone in tapered doses. This is the first reported case of severe TEN in the Kingdom of Bahrain successfully treated with a TNF-α inhibitor, Etanercept in this case, achieving complete healing and remission within 20 days of presentation, after initially showing a poor prognosis and a high risk of fatality.
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