Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36658625›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2023

Significant increase of serum extracellular vesicle-packaged growth differentiation factor 15 in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.

Wen Zhao, Xinwei Li, Xinxin Li, Lu Peng, Yu Li, Yunhui Du, Jianxun He, Yanwen Qin, Huina Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of medical research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Wen Zhao *Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
Xinwei Li *Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
Xinxin LiBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
Lu PengBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
Yu LiBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
Yunhui DuBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
Jianxun HeBeijing Anzhen Hospital Laboratory Department, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China.
Yanwen QinBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
Huina ZhangBeijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China. whinnerzhn@126.com.
Beijing Anzhen Hospital · CNCapital Medical University · CN

Funding

Beijing Natural Science Foundation 7192031National Natural Science Foundation of China 82270242
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGrowth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-inducible factor involved in the inflammatory progression of many complications, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Growing evidence suggests that molecules in extracellular vesicles (EVs) are associated with diabetes or diabetes-related complications. However, the correlation between serum extracellular vesicle-derived growth differentiation factor15 (EV-GDF15) and T2DM is unknown. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate whether serum EV-GDF15 is associated with T2DM incidence.

methods116 individuals, including 78 T2DM and 38 non-T2DM, were recruited as participants. The concentrations of serum EV-GDF15 and serum GDF15 were determined by Luminex assay. Serum EVs were obtained by ultracentrifugation. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the association between serum GDF15 levels and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as well as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The association of serum EV-GDF15 levels with T2DM was determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

resultsOur data showed that the levels of serum EV-GDF15 and serum GDF15 were significantly increased in T2DM patients compared with non-T2DM subjects (EV-GDF15 levels, 13.68 (6.61-23.44) pg/mL vs. 5.56 (3.44-12.09) pg/mL, P < 0.001; and serum GDF15 levels, 1025.49 (677.87-1626.36) pg/mL vs. 675.46 (469.53-919.98) pg/mL, P < 0.001). There was a linear correlation between EV-GDF15 levels and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) levels (normalized β = 0.357, P < 0.001; normalized β = 0.409, P < 0.001, respectively). Elevated levels of EV-GDF15 were accompanied by an increase in the proportion of patients with T2DM (from 47.5 to 78.9%) and a progressive independent association with the incidence of T2DM (from OR = 3.06, 95% CI 1.02-9.19, P = 0.047 to OR = 3.75, 95% CI 1.14-12.26, P = 0.029). Notably, high levels of serum GDF15 plus high levels of serum EV-GDF15 were significantly associated with T2DM more than either alone.

conclusionThis study elucidated that increased levels of GDF15 in serum EVs were independently associated with T2DM.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Extracellular VesiclesBlood GlucoseCross-Sectional StudiesGlycated HemoglobinGrowth Differentiation Factor 15HumansBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinGrowth Differentiation Factor 15BiomarkerExtracellular vesiclesGrowth differentiation factor 15SerumType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID36658625
PMCPMC9850700
OpenAlexW4317425931

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.