ArticleBMJ open2023
Risk and timing of venous thromboembolism in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: a nationwide Danish cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence of thrombosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2025Pooled it
- The Potential of Integrative Cancer Treatment Using Melatonin and the Challenge of Heterogeneity in Population-Based Studies: A Case Report of Colon Cancer and a Literature Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- Ambulatory cancer patients: who should definitely receive antithrombotic prophylaxis and who should never receive.Internal and emergency medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsCancer is a well-known risk factor of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Some cancers are believed to be more thrombogenic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of patients with incident gastrointestinal cancers (GI) and their associated 1-year risk and timing of venous thromboembolic events and the 1-year mortality.
methodsThis study was a retrospective cohort study. Through Danish nationwide registries, all patients with first-time GI cancer diagnosis from 2008 to 2018 were identified. Incident VTE events were identified within a 1-year follow-up after GI cancer diagnosis using the Aalen-Johansen estimator. Cox proportional-hazard models were applied to investigate risk factors for VTE events and the impact of VTE on mortality.
resultsA total of 87 069 patients were included and stratified by cancer types: liver (5.8%), pancreatic (12.0%), gastric (6.9%), small intestinal (1.9%), colorectal (61.8%), oesophageal (7.3%) and gallbladder (3%). Most VTE events happened close to onset of the cancer diagnosis with declining events by time. The 1-year cumulative incidence of VTE differed according to cancer type with pancreatic cancer being most thrombogenic (7.8%), and colorectal and liver cancer being the least (3.6%). Prior VTE, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), liver disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes increased the VTE risk. Overall, the patients with GI cancer had high 1-year mortality of 33.3% with patients with pancreatic cancer having the highest mortality (70.3%).
conclusionWe found that most VTE events happen close to onset of the GI cancer diagnosis and thrombogenicity differed by type of GI cancer, ranging from 7.8% in patients with pancreatic cancer to 3.6% in colorectal and patients with liver cancer. Prior VTE, heart failure, COPD, liver disease, CKD and DM were associated with increased risk of VTE.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.