ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2023
County-level prevalence estimates of ADHD in children in the United States.
Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Regional Variation in ADHD Treatment and Diagnosis Among Children and Adolescents in Denmark.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Important Mechanisms in the Development of Anxiety in Children with ADHD: The Role of Associated Features of ADHD and Interpersonal Functioning.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Review
- Adult Community Perspectives on Improving Rural Youth Access to Mental Health Services: A Participatory Group Concept Mapping Study.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2026Article
- Variation in Rates of ADHD Diagnoses Across Public Schools in Arkansas.Journal of attention disorders · 2026Article
- Assessment of child-parent dyads' health-related quality of life in learning disorder care: a cross-sectional study in eastern China.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Predicting later ADHD presentation types from early childhood autism and intellectual disability.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Neuropsychological and Academic Performance in Colombian Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Comparative Study with a Control Group.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Developmental functional brain network abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder comorbid with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Investigating primary school educators' insights into attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A cross sectional study in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- A comparison of floating catchment area parameters with applications to a dataset of clinics enrolled in a statewide child and adolescent psychiatric consultation program.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Geographic Disparities in Availability of General and Specialized Pediatricians in the United States and Prevalence of Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Tourette syndrome among children and adolescents in the United States, 2016-2022.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Comparison of Brain Function Between Medication-Naïve ADHD with and without Comorbidity in Chinese Children Using Resting-State fNIRS.Alpha psychiatry · 2024Article
- Characteristics of sleep in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Article
- Predictors of Autism Spectrum Disorder and ADHD: Results from the National Survey of Children's Health.Disability and health journal · 2024Article
- Psychiatric comorbidities of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Japan: a nationwide population-based study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Motor Vehicle Crash Risk in Older Adult Drivers With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Sociodemographic disparities in ADHD diagnosis and treatment among U.S. elementary schoolchildren.Psychiatry research · 2023Article
- Perspectives on ADHD in children and adolescents as a social construct amidst rising prevalence of diagnosis and medication use.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder often characterized by long-term impairments in family, academic, and social settings. Measuring the prevalence of ADHD is important as treatment options increase around the U.S. Prevalence data helps inform decisions by care providers, policymakers, and public health officials about allocating resources for ADHD. In addition, measuring geographic variation in prevalence estimates can facilitate hypothesis generation for future analytic work. Most U.S. studies of ADHD prevalence among children focus on national or demographic group rates.
methodsUsing a small area estimation approach and data from the 2016 to 2018 National Survey of Children's Health, we estimated childhood ADHD prevalence estimates at the census regional division, state, and county levels. The sample included approximately 70,000 children aged 5-17 years.
resultsThe national ADHD rate was estimated to be 12.9% (95% Confidence Interval: 11.5%, 14.4%). Counties in the West South Central, East South Central, New England, and South Atlantic divisions had higher estimated rates of childhood ADHD (55.1%, 53.6%, 49.3%, and 46.2% of the counties had rates of 16% or greater, respectively) compared to counties in the Mountain, Mid Atlantic, West North Central, Pacific, and East North Central divisions (2.1%, 4%, 5.8%, 6.9%, and 11.7% of the counties had rates of 16% or greater, respectively).
conclusionsThese local-level rates are useful for decision-makers to target programs and direct sufficient ADHD resources based on communities' needs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.