ArticlePsychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy2023
More is not always better: 2 weeks of intensive cognitive processing therapy-based treatment are noninferior to 3 weeks.
Article in Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treating posttraumatic stress disorder at home in a single week using 1-week virtual massed cognitive processing therapy.Journal of traumatic stress · 2022Trial
- Therapeutic intensification in post-traumatic stress disorder worldwide: where do we stand?European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Review
- Development and proof-of-concept of a treatment target recommendation algorithm in the context of cognitive processing therapy.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Evaluating evidence based options for initial PTSD treatment non-response: A randomized controlled trial protocol.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Exploring the relationship between changes in negative posttrauma cognitions and pain intensity in veterans undergoing intensive treatment.Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy · 2026Article
- Impact of self-reported cannabis use on veterans' intensive PTSD treatment outcomes.Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy · 2026Article
- Examining treatment outcomes for military service members in an intensive treatment program for posttraumatic stress disorder.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2026Article
- When does machine learning outperform clinicians? A comparison of prediction accuracy for PTSD treatment outcomes.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Sleep disturbances and PTSD: identifying baseline predictors of insomnia response in an intensive treatment programme.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- PTSD Symptoms change in response to a brief intensive trauma-focused treatment programme in non-veterans and veterans with war-related PTSD.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Pre-Treatment Resilience as a Predictor of Veterans' Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Outcomes Immediately and Up To 12-Months Following Intensive Cognitive Processing Therapy.Journal of clinical psychology · 2025Article
- Examining cognitive emotion regulation strategies and symptom improvement during a 2-week cognitive processing therapy-based intensive treatment programme for PTSD.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Associations between higher exposure to potentially morally injurious events and negative posttraumatic cognition trajectories throughout cognitive processing therapy.Journal of traumatic stress · 2025Article
- Evaluating self-efficacy as a treatment mechanism during an intensive treatment program for posttraumatic stress disorder.Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy · 2025Article
- Understanding Veterans' Perceived Improvement in PTSD Treatment: Examining its Association with Clinical Predictors and Clinically Meaningful Improvement Thresholds.Cognitive therapy and research · 2025Article
- Implementation of a Dedicated Intake Team Reduces Time to Massed PTSD Treatment.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2025Article
- Prebiotics as an adjunct therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Massed treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injury, and co-occurring conditions: the Home Base intensive outpatient program for military veterans and service members.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Veterans' 12-month PTSD and depression outcomes following 2- and 3-week intensive cognitive processing therapy-based treatment.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2024Article
- Exhausting, but necessary: the lived experience of participants in an intensive inpatient trauma treatment program.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAlthough there is mounting evidence that massed treatment for PTSD is both feasible and effective, many questions remain about the optimal length of intensive treatment programs (ITPs), as well as the role of adjunctive services, such as psychoeducation, mindfulness, and yoga. Our setting recently transitioned from a three-week ITP to a two-week program. Adjunctive services were reduced, but the amount of individual CPT between programs remained similar. The present study examined the effectiveness of a two-week ITP based on twice daily individual CPT sessions and evaluated the program's noninferiority to an established three-week ITP using a Bayesian analytical approach.
methodBayesian linear mixed regression models were used to explore PTSD and depression changes over time, as well as predictors of change. Noninferiority of the two-week ITP to a three-week ITP was also established using a Bayes factor approach.
resultsResults indicate that program participants change meaningfully in both PTSD and depression severity over the course of treatment, and that changes in posttraumatic cognitions predict subsequent changes in these outcomes. Further, the two-week ITP can be considered noninferior to the three-week ITP in both clinical outcomes and overall satisfaction.
conclusionsIn the context of intensive PTSD treatment, the content of the ITP appears to matter more than its overall length. Shorter programs have the potential to increase access and treatment capacity. Our findings demonstrate the importance of continuous and rigorous program evaluation. Limitations as well as future directions for research, such as identifying the most effective treatment components, are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.