Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36655038›Full record

ArticlePeerJ2023

Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq.

Mardin Othman Abdulqadir, Peshnyar Muhammad Atta Rashid, Ali Hattem Hussain, Heshu Sulaiman Rahman, Shahow Abdulrehman Ezzaddin

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PeerJ, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 47% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Mardin Othman AbdulqadirMedical Laboratory Department, Technical College of Health, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Republic of Iraq, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Peshnyar Muhammad Atta RashidDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Ali Hattem HussainNursing Department, Technical College of Health, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Heshu Sulaiman RahmanDepartment of Physiology, College of Medicine, Sulaimani University, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Shahow Abdulrehman EzzaddinFamily and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Sulaimani University, Sulaimaniyah, Republic of Iraq, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Sulaimani Polytechnic University · IQUniversity of Sulaimani · IQKomar University of Science and Technology · IQ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes are distributed unevenly throughout the world's regions. The researchers' goal in this study was to find out which HBV genotypes are now prevalent in the blood of chronic HBV patients in Iraq's Kurdistan Region's Sulaimaniyah governorate. Methods: Genotyping was carried out utilizing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) type-specified primers. Thirty-three chronic HBV patients were included in the HBV genotyping assay. Phylogenic trees of Pre-S1/Pre S2/S genes' nucleotide sequences were constructed using 36 HBV isolates. Results: All the patients had HBV genotype D. Additionally, two samples were further analyzed by sequencing and deposited in GenBank as HBV/Sul-1/2021 accession numbers MZ077051 and HBV/Sul-2/2021 accession numbers MZ077052. Phylogenic analysis indicated that the HBV isolates belong to sub-genotype D1/serotype ayw2. The HBV/Sul-2/2021 had two sequence deletion mutations from G61del-T87del, which accounted for 27 amino acid deletions, and ten other mutations were identified in the carboxylic terminus of the pre-S1 from Q104del-R113del. Accordingly, 37 amino acids were deleted in the S promoter region. Several other substitution mutations were recorded in both HBV isolates. Conclusion: Patients with chronic HBV were found to have the HBV sub-genotype D1/subtype ayw2 with no mixed genotypes. HBV/Sul-1/2022, a new strain with a 37-amino acid mutation, was found to be distinct from any previously known HBV isolates.

Indexed as

Hepatitis B, ChronicHepatitis B virusGenotypeHumansIraqOrthohepadnavirusPersistent InfectionChronic hepatitisGene sequencingGenotypingHBV virusNew viral isolatesSulaimaniyah city

Identifiers

PMID36655038
PMCPMC9841906
OpenAlexW4316039091

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.