ArticleTransfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie2022
Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Blood Donors with Negative ID-NAT in Switzerland.
Article in Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nationwide seroprevalence study of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses among blood donors in Paraguay.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Comparison of nucleic acid testing and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in screening Hepatitis-B Virus in blood samples.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Hepatitis B Serological Immunity and Exposure Among Blood Donors in Southern Croatia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Influence of Occult Hepatitis B Infection on Blood Transfusion Safety and Its Countermeasures.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Transfusion-transmitted occult hepatitis B virus infection: current understanding, challenges, and its implication in blood safety.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Analysis of hepatitis B Virus Test results among blood donors in Chongqing, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen among qualified blood donors in Nanjing, China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Advancing blood transfusion safety using molecular detection in the country of Georgia.Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Societe francaise de transfusion sanguine · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Screening of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and individual-donation nucleic acid amplification testing (ID-NAT) of blood donors have become standard to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, there is still a residual risk of HBV transmission by blood components of donors suffering from occult HBV infection (OBI). Therefore, many countries implemented universal testing of anti-HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) antibodies in order to increase blood safety. In Switzerland, anti-HBc testing is not part of the routine blood donor-screening repertoire. Therefore, we sought to assess prevalence of donors with OBI in a Swiss blood donor collective. Methods: Blood donations were prospectively investigated for the presence of anti-HBc antibodies during two time periods (I: all donors, March 2017; II: first-time donors only, April 2017 until February 2018). Anti-HBc-positive findings were confirmed by an anti-HBc neutralization test. Discarded plasma samples of anti-HBc-confirmed positive donors were ultracentrifuged and subsequently retested by regular HBV-ID-NAT to search for traces of HBV. Results: During time period I, 78 (1.6%) individuals out of 4,923 donors were confirmed anti-HBc-positive. Sixty-nine (88%) anti-HBc-positive samples were available and processed by ultracentrifugation followed by repeat HBV-ID-NAT. Four samples (5.8%) were found positive for HBV DNA. Sixty-five (94.2%) samples remained HBV NAT-negative upon ultracentrifugation. During time period II, 56 (0.9%) donor samples out of 6,509 exhibited anti-HBc-confirmed positive. Fifty-five (98%) samples could be reassessed by HBV-ID-NAT upon ultracentrifugation. Three (5.5%) samples contained HBV DNA and 52 (94.5%) samples remained HBV NAT-negative. Conclusion: Overall, we detected 7 viremic OBI carriers among 11,432 blood donors, which tested negative for HBV by standard HBV-ID-NAT and HBsAg screening. In contrast, OBI carriers showed positive anti-HBc findings which could be confirmed in 83.8% of the cases. Thus, OBI might be missed by the current HBV screening process of Swiss blood donors. We suggest to review current HBV screening algorithm. Extended donor screening by anti-HBc testing may unmask OBI carriers and contribute to blood safety for the recipient of blood products.
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