ReviewGlobal spine journal2023
The Role of Sex Hormones in Degenerative Disc Disease.
Review in Global spine journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Observational
- Deletion of aJOR spine · 2026Article
- Potential Role of Mast Cells in Intervertebral Disc Ageing, Herniation Resolution, and Degeneration: Evidence and Lessons Learned from Studies of Mast Cells in Other Connective Tissues.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sex Hormones Attenuate Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Nucleus Pulposus and Annulus Fibrosus Cells in a Cell-Type Specific Manner.JOR spine · 2026Article
- Associations between the serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and intervertebral disc degeneration severity during the menopausal transition.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Article
- Analysis of influencing factors and predictive performance of lumbar disc herniation in elderly patients with osteoporosis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Glucose concentration modulates bovine intervertebral disc response under physiological loading.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Degenerative Disease of Intervertebral Disc: A Narrative Review of Pathogenesis, Clinical Implications and Therapies.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Biological Sex Is Under-Reported in Cartilage-Related Preclinical Research: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.JOR spine · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- Article
- Low back pain and osteoarthritis pain: a perspective of estrogen.Bone research · 2023Review
- Self-Reported Reasons for Activity Limitations According to Age and Sex in Community-Dwelling Stroke Survivors.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
designNarrative review.
objectivesThe purpose of this review is to outline the role of sex hormones, particularly estrogen, in the pathogenesis of degenerative disc disease (DDD).
methodsA narrative review of studies discussing sex hormones and intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration was conducted through a search of bibliographic databases to identify various mechanisms involved in effectuating DDD.
resultsEstrogen-deficient states negatively impact various aspects of IVD function. These internal hormone environments reflect routine changes that commonly arise with physiologic aging and can compromise IVD structural integrity through a host of processes. Additionally, allosteric molecules such as micro-RNAs (mi-RNAs) and G protein-coupled estrogen receptors (GPER) antagonists can bind to estrogen receptors and inhibit protective downstream effects with estrogen receptor signaling. Furthermore, cursory studies have observed chondrogenic effects with testosterone supplementation, although the specific mechanism remains unclear.
conclusionsRegulation of sex hormones, namely estrogen and testosterone, significantly impacts the structural integrity and function of IVDs. Uncovering underlying interactions driving these regulatory processes can facilitate development of novel, clinical therapies to treat DDD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.