Trial reportPain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses2023
The Role of Psychological Factors in Chronic Pain Treatment Outcomes in the Military.
Trial report in Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fatigue and Sleep-related Impairment as Predictors of the Effect of Nonpharmacological Therapies for Active duty Service Members With Chronic Pain: A Secondary Analysis of a Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial.Military medicine · 2025Trial
- A scoping review on the characteristics of chronic pain registries.Pain reports · 2026Review
- Exclusion criteria in clinical trials of treatments for neuropathic pain: a systematic analysis.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A network analysis of pain intensity and pain-related measures of physical, emotional, and social functioning in US military service members with chronic pain.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeChronic pain treatment in the military includes complementary and integrative health (CIH) therapies that may affect psychological factors such as pain catastrophizing, chronic pain acceptance, pain self-efficacy, and patient activation. The unique roles that psychosocial factors play in how CIH approaches reduce pain are not clear. This study examined if a holistic pain management program improved pain outcomes through psychological mediators in service members with chronic pain.
designSecondary analysis of a clinical trial.
methodsActive-duty service members (n = 210) were randomly assigned to a 3-week course of standard rehabilitative care or standard rehabilitative care combined with CIH therapies. Both treatments were followed by a 3-week functional restoration program. Study measures were completed pre- and post-treatment using the Military Health System's Pain Assessment Screening Tool and Outcomes Registry. Mediation analyses tested the indirect effects of the change in psychological factors before functional restoration on the change in pain impact (e.g., pain intensity, pain interference, functional status) after functional restoration.
resultsAll psychological factors except for chronic pain acceptance were related to improved pain impact (p<.05). Furthermore, a change in psychological factors prior to functional restoration was related to the change in pain impact after functional restoration. However, the addition of CIH therapies to standard rehabilitative care did not result in changes in pain outcomes mediated by the psychological factors.
conclusionsAlthough psychological factors were related to pain outcomes, the effect of CIH therapies on chronic pain did not occur via a change in the four psychological factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.