ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2023
Foot shape is related to load-induced shape deformations, but neither are good predictors of plantar soft tissue stiffness.
Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Orthotic Insoles on Gait Biomechanics in Runners With Flatfoot Under Different Gait Loads.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2026Article
- The influence of body posture and added mass on intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscle activation and force output during common foot strengthening exercises.Journal of sport and health science · 2025Article
- Examining Foot Shape Variations in Individuals With and Without Diabetes.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2025Article
- Reconsideration of the load-bearing functions of the plantar fascia and intrinsic foot muscles in the windlass mechanism.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Mitigating stress: exploring how our feet change shape with size.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional differences in plantar surface shape captured by methods used for custom accommodative insole design.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2025Article
- Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization in healthy adults acutely changes the tissue stiffness.International journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Torque-angle relationships of human toe flexor muscles highlight their capacity for propulsion in gait.The Journal of experimental biology · 2025Article
- Human foot form and function: variable and versatile, yet sufficiently related to predict function from form.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Foot shape is related to load-induced shape deformations, but neither are good predictors of plantar soft tissue stiffness.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Modern human feet are considered unique among primates in their capacity to transmit propulsive forces and re-use elastic energy. Considered central to both these capabilities are their arched configuration and the plantar aponeurosis (PA). However, recent evidence has shown that their interactions are not as simple as proposed by the theoretical and mechanical models that established their significance. Using three-dimensional foot scans and statistical shape and deformation modelling, we show that the shape of the longitudinal and transverse arches varies widely among the healthy adult population, and that the former is subject to load-induced arch flattening, whereas the latter is not. However, longitudinal arch shape and flattening are only one of the various foot shape-deformation relationships. PA stiffness was also found to vary widely. Yet only a small amount of this variability (approx. 10-18%) was explained by variations in foot shape, deformation and their combination. These findings add to the mounting evidence showing that foot mechanics are complex and cannot be accurately represented by simple models. Especially the interactions between longitudinal arch and PA appear to be far less constrained than originally proposed, most likely due to the many degrees of freedom provided by the structural complexity of our feet.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.