ArticlePeerJ2023
Heat treatment-induced autophagy promotes breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis via TGF-
Article in PeerJ, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- EIF2AK2 activates autophagy via JAK2/STAT3 pathway to promote oral squamous cell carcinoma malignancy.Odontology · 2026Article
- Decoding the mechanisms underlying breast cancer brain metastasis: paving the way for precision therapeutics.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- BRAF inhibition increases TGFβ2 production and stimulates metastasis in mice with endogenous BRAFProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Tanshinone IIA inhibits heat-induced growth of p53-mutant Huh-7 hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating osmotic homeostasis and glycolysis through targeting ALDH7A1.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Prognostic biomarker NRG2 correlates with autophagy and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Harnessing Hyperthermia: Molecular, Cellular, and Immunological Insights for Enhanced Anticancer Therapies.Integrative cancer therapiesReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Insufficient thermal ablation can accelerate malignant behaviors and metastases in some solid tumors, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and autophagy are involved in tumor metastasis. It has been found that TGF- Methods: BC cells were treated with sublethal heat treatment to simulate insufficient MWA, and the effects of heat treatment on the BC cell phenotypes were explored. CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, Transwell, and wound healing assays were performed to evaluate the influence of sublethal heat treatment on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of BC cells. Western blotting, real-time quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy were carried out to determine the changes in markers associated with autophagy and EMT following sublethal heat treatment. Results: Results showed that heat treatment promoted the proliferation of surviving BC cells, which was accompanied by autophagy induction. Heat treatment-induced autophagy up-regulated TGF- Conclusion: Heat treatment-induced autophagy promoted invasion and metastasis via TGF-
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.