Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36650649›Full record

ArticleCurrent drug delivery2026

Antibacterial Activity of a Novel Glycyrrhizic Acid-loaded Chitosan Composite Nanogel

Mujie Ju, Jinhuan Liu, Ding Guan, Nannan Leng, Samah Attia Algharib, Ali Sobhy Dawood, Wanhe Luo

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Current drug delivery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 48% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Mujie JuEngineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
Jinhuan LiuEngineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
Ding GuanEngineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
Nannan LengEngineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
Samah Attia AlgharibDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, QG, Egypt.
Ali Sobhy DawoodInfectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, 32897, Egypt.
Wanhe LuoEngineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, 843300, China.
Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps · CNHuazhong Agricultural University · CNTarim University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis study aimed to improve the sustained and controlled release of glycyrrhizic acid to the infected site of Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants (SCVs).

methodsThe glycyrrhizic acid-loaded chitosan composite nanogel was prepared by inclusion action, Schiff's base formation, and electrostatic action. Furthermore, the formulation screening, characteristics, in vitro release, and antibacterial activity of the glycyrrhizic acid composite nanogel were explored.

resultsThe final optimal formula comprised 10 mg/mL (chitosan) and 50 μL (glutaraldehyde). The loading capacity, encapsulation efficiency, mean size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential were 8.8%±1.6%, 92.1%±2.8%, 478.3±2.8 nm, 0.37±0.10, and 25.3±3.6 mv, respectively. Scanning electron microscope images showed a spherical shape with a relatively uniform distribution. The in vitro release study showed that glycyrrhizic acid composite nanogel exhibited a biphasic pattern with a sustained release of 52.1%±2.0% at 48 h in the pH 5.5 PBS. The minimum inhibitory and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations of glycyrrhizic acid composite nanogel against SCVs were 0.625 μg/mL. The time-killing curves and live/dead bacterial staining showed that glycyrrhizic acid composite nanogel had a stronger curative effect against SCVs strain with concentration-dependent.

conclusionThis study provides promising glycyrrhizic acid composite nanogel to improve the treatment of SCV infection.

Indexed as

ChitosanGlycyrrhizic AcidAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiofilmsDrug LiberationNanogelsPolyethylene GlycolsPolyethyleneimineAnti-Bacterial AgentsChitosanGlycyrrhizic AcidNanogelspolyethylene glycol polyethyleneimine nanogelPolyethylene GlycolsPolyethyleneimineantibacterial activitychitosanglutaraldehydeGlycyrrhizic acidnanogelStaphylococcus aureus small colony variants

Identifiers

PMID36650649
OpenAlexW4317359105

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.