Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36649276›Full record

ArticlePloS one2023

DDQR (dynamic DNA QR coding): An efficient algorithm to represent DNA barcode sequences.

Yujun Wang, Xinjing Yao, Rui Liu, Chang Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Generating 2D Barcode for DNA Barcode Sequences.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yujun WangSchool of Information Management, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China.
Xinjing YaoSchool of Information Management, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China.
Rui LiuSchool of Information Management, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China.ORCID 0000-0002-5450-4947
Chang LiuInstitute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, P.R. China.ORCID 0000-0003-3879-7302

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A DNA barcode is a short piece of standard DNA sequence used for species determination and discrimination. Representation of DNA barcodes is essential for DNA barcodes' applications in the transportation and recognition of biological materials. Previously, we have compared different strategies for representing the DNA barcodes. In the present study, we have developed a compression algorithm based on binary coding or Huffman coding scheme, followed by converting the binary digits into Base64 digits. The combination of this compression algorithm and the QR representation leads to the dynamic DNA QR coding algorithm (DDQR). We tested the DDQR algorithm on simulated data and real DNA barcode sequences from the commonly used plant and animal DNA barcode markers: rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA, ITS2, and COI. We compared the compression efficiency of DDQR and another state-of-the-art DNA compression algorithm GeCo3 for sequences with various base compositions and lengths. We found that DDQR had a higher compression rate than GeCo3 for DNA sequences shorter than 800 bp, which is the typical size range for DNA barcodes. We also upgraded a web server (http://www.1kmpg.cn/ddqr) that provides three functions: retrieval of DNA barcode sequences, encoding DNA barcode sequences to DDQR codes, and decoding DDQR codes to DNA barcode sequences. The DDQR algorithm and the webserver will be invaluable to applying DNA barcode technology in the food and traditional medicine industries.

Indexed as

Data CompressionDNA Barcoding, TaxonomicAlgorithmsAnimalsDNA, PlantPhylogenyPlantsSequence Analysis, DNADNA, Plant

Identifiers

PMID36649276
PMCPMC9844917

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.