ArticlePloS one2023
High tissue expression of TLRs combined with high density of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes predicts a better prognosis in colorectal cancer patients.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toll-like receptors: versatile players in tumor.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Comparative Tumor Microenvironment Analysis for HCC and PDAC Using KMplotter.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Enhancing Cancer Therapy with TLR7/8 Agonists: Applications in Vaccines and Combination Treatments.Cancers · 2025Review
- Bidirectional regulation of the gut microbiome-immune axis in the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer and targeted interventions.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Review
- The Role of Natural Products from Herbal Medicine in TLR4 Signaling for Colorectal Cancer Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundColorectal cancer causes 935,000 cancer deaths yearly. High local immune cell infiltration serves as a positive prognostic factor in CRC. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) induce innate immune responses and lead to adaptive immune system activation. TLRs play protumorigenic and antitumorigenic roles. We aimed to explore the relationship between TLR immunoexpressions and the infiltration densities of T-lymphocytes in CRC.
methodsImmunohistochemical TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, and TLR7 positivity and the density of CD3- and CD8-positive cells in tumoral and stromal tissue were evaluated from the tissue microarray slides of 549 consecutive CRC surgical patients treated at Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, between 1998 and 2005. We calculated the associations and correlations using Pearson's chi-square and Spearman's correlation tests, generating survival curves using the Kaplan-Meier method.
resultsPositive intratumoral CD3 and CD8 densities associated with a high TLR2 expression (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) and a high TLR4 expression (p = 0.013 and p = 0.025). A low TLR5 immunoexpression associated with negative intratumoral CD3 (p = 0.001) and CD8 (p = 0.011) and a low stromal CD3 (p = 0.001). No association or correlation emerged between TLR7 immunoexpression and CD3 or CD8 cell density. A low CD3-CD8 tumor-stroma index indicated a worse prognosis among all TLR subgroups, except the TLR7-negative subgroup.
conclusionsWe detected significant associations and correlations between high tissue TLR2, TLR4, and TLR5 immunoexpressions and high densities of CD3- and CD8-positive cells. Combining these markers may improve the prognostic evaluation of CRC patients.
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