Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36648834›Full record

ArticleBiotech (Basel (Switzerland))2023

Formulation of a Simulated Wastewater Influent Composition for Use in the Research of Technologies for Managing Wastewaters Generated during Manned Long-Term Space Exploration and Other Similar Situations-Literature-Based Composition Development.

Bimi Shrestha, Rafael Hernandez, Dhan Lord B Fortela, Wayne Sharp, Andrei Chistoserdov, Daniel Gang, Emmanuel Revellame, William E Holmes, Mark E Zappi

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Bimi ShresthaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.
Rafael HernandezDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.
Dhan Lord B FortelaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8042-6284
Wayne SharpEnergy Institute of Louisiana, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.
Andrei ChistoserdovEnergy Institute of Louisiana, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.
Daniel GangEnergy Institute of Louisiana, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.
Emmanuel RevellameEnergy Institute of Louisiana, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.
William E HolmesEnergy Institute of Louisiana, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.
Mark E ZappiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7608-076X
University of Louisiana at Lafayette · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The prospect of humans inhabiting planetary bodies is gaining interest among research and development communities, with the moon being considered as a transitory base camp and Mars the next planet humans will inhabit. NASA's Mission to Mars program is set to have humans inhabiting Mars within on-planet space camps by the Year 2030, which has tremendously increased research and development for space exploration-including research oriented toward human life support in long-term planetary lodging camps. The sustenance of human life on Mars will not be trivial due to the unavailability of an appropriate atmosphere and usable water. This situation requires a self-sustaining human life support system that can provide the basic needs such are breathable air, potable water, food, and energy. The feasibility of sending a payload with resources adequate to support long-term human inhabitation is not reasonable, which means every resource within a Mars space camp is valuable, including human-produced wastes. A biorefinery system that treats wastewater and can also produce valuable products such as oxygen, food, and energy offers a form of circular utilization of valuable resources. To conduct research for such systems requires a wastewater influent that is representative of the wastewater to be generated by the space crew within this isolated, confined environment, which is different from what is generated on Earth due to limited variability in diet, human activity, and lifestyle in this confined area. Collection of actual wastewater influent from an isolated environment supporting humans is challenging. Additionally, to ensure a safe working environment in the laboratory and avoid the imposed threat of handling actual human feces, the proposed synthetic, non-human feces containing wastewater influent formulation offers an easy-to-produce and safer-to-handle option. This paper reviews several synthetic wastewater compositions that have been formulated for space exploration purposes. None of the formulations were found to be realistic nor adequate for a space-camp-type scenario. Thus, the formulation of a synthetic wastewater for simulating a wastewater influent from a human space-based camp is proposed in this paper. In addition, the physical, chemical, and biodegradation characteristics of the final formulation designed are presented to illustrate the value of the proposed influent formulation.

Indexed as

astronaut life supportspace explorationsynthetic influent formulationwastewater management

Identifiers

PMID36648834
PMCPMC9844444
OpenAlexW4315646354

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.