Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36647016›Full record

ArticleBMC primary care2023

Development of eConsult reflective learning tools for healthcare providers: a pragmatic mixed methods approach.

Douglas Archibald, Rachel Grant, Delphine S Tuot, Clare Liddy, Justin L Sewell, David W Price, Roland Grad, Scott A Shipman, Craig Campbell, Sheena Guglani and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC primary care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Douglas ArchibaldDepartment of Family Medicine, C.T. Lamont Primary Health Care Research Centre, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. darchiba@uottawa.ca.
Rachel GrantFaculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Delphine S TuotDepartment of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Clare LiddyDepartment of Family Medicine, C.T. Lamont Primary Health Care Research Centre, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Justin L SewellDepartment of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
David W PriceDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
Roland GradDepartment of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Scott A ShipmanAssociation of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC, USA.
Craig CampbellDepartment of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Sheena GuglaniBruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Timothy J WoodDepartment of Innovation in Medical Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Erin KeelyOntario eConsult Centre of Excellence, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundElectronic consultation (eConsult) programs are crucial components of modern healthcare that facilitate communication between primary care providers (PCPs) and specialists. eConsults between PCPs and specialists. They also provide a unique opportunity to use real-world patient scenarios for reflective learning as part of professional development. However, tools that guide and document learning from eConsults are limited. The purpose of this study was to develop and pilot two eConsult reflective learning tools (RLTs), one for PCPs and one for specialists, for those participating in eConsults.

methodsWe performed a four-phase pragmatic mixed methods study recruiting PCPs and specialists from two public health systems located in two countries: eConsult BASE in Canada and San Francisco Health Network eConsult in the United States. In phase 1, subject matter experts developed preliminary RLTs for PCPs and specialists. During phase 2, a Delphi survey among 20 PCPs and 16 specialists led to consensus on items for each RLT. In phase 3, we conducted cognitive interviews with three PCPs and five specialists as they applied the RLTs on previously completed consults. In phase 4, we piloted the RLTs with eConsult users.

resultsThe RLTs were perceived to elicit critical reflection among participants regarding their knowledge and practice habits and could be used for quality improvement and continuing professional development.

conclusionPCPs and specialists alike perceived that eConsult systems provided opportunities for self-directed learning wherein they were motivated to investigate topics further through the course of eConsult exchanges. We recommend the RLTs be subject to further evaluation through implementation studies at other sites.

Indexed as

Primary Health CareReferral and ConsultationCanadaHealth PersonnelHumansQuality ImprovementContinuing professional developmentDelphi methodElectronic consultationsMixed methods

Identifiers

PMID36647016
PMCPMC9841624

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.