Trial reportScientific reports2023
Breastfeeding is not a risk factor for clinical severity in Autism spectrum disorder in children from the ELENA cohort.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02625116 (ELENA Cohort), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ELENA Cohort: A Long-term Longitudinal Study in a Pediatric Sample With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contributions of the ELENA Cohort to Study Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children and Adolescents from a Biopsychosocial Framework.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Association between breastfeeding and autism spectrum condition in Saudi Arabia: a case-control study.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- The Correlation Between Screen Time and the Probability of Developing Autism Spectrum Disorder.Cureus · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that results from a complex interaction between genes and environment. Breastfeeding (BF) is thought to promote healthy cognitive development, and a body of research has suggested that it may also protect against ASD. Our objectives were to identify the relationship between the initiation and duration of BF and the severity of clinical presentation in ASD. Data were collected from 243 children with a confirmed diagnosis of ASD followed in the ELENA cohort. Clinical severity was measured according to multiple dimensions using standardised tools. The frequency of the initiation of BF was comparable to that of the general population and the rate of children still being breastfed at six months of age was higher. Our results did not indicate a contribution of initiation or duration of BF to the prevention of clinical severity of ASD. We discuss our results in the light of possible methodological limitations of previous reports of an association between BF and ASD.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02625116.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.