ArticleNature communications2023
Rapidly shifting immunologic landscape and severity of SARS-CoV-2 in the Omicron era in South Africa.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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33 citing papers in PubMed.
- A booster dose of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine targeting virus variants sustains protective humoral and cellular immunity.BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- Assessing SARS-CoV-2 transmission in African households from the reanalysis of serosurveys.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Epidemiological features and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection: a retrospective cohort analysis in Xiamen, China.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Monitoring of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 over 2 years and characterization of immune responses following Omicron infection in a South Indian community cohort.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The consequences of SARS-CoV-2 within-host persistence.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections Using Nucleocapsid Antibody Boosting.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Behavior-driven forecasts of neighborhood-level COVID-19 spread in New York City.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Longitudinal humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Spike following infection in individuals from Cameroon.Virology · 2025Article
- Planning and adjusting the COVID-19 booster vaccination campaign to reduce disease burden.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2025Article
- Population shift in antibody immunity following the emergence of a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe illness in South Africa (March 2020-August 2022): a synthesis of epidemiological data.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal imaging of immune dynamics: rethinking drug efficacy evaluation in cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Fine-scale spatial and social patterns of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from identical pathogen sequences.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Reconstructed influenza A/H3N2 infection histories reveal variation in incidence and antibody dynamics over the life course.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 correlates of protection from infection against variants of concern.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infections before, during, and after the Omicron wave: a 2-year Indian community cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Article
- Estimation of vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2-associated hospitalization using sentinel surveillance in South Africa.International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Impact of Missense Mutations on Spike Protein Stability and Binding Affinity in the Omicron Variant.Viruses · 2024Article
- High SARS-CoV-2 incidence and asymptomatic fraction during Delta and Omicron BA.1 waves in The Gambia.Nature communications · 2024Article
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Abstract
South Africa was among the first countries to detect the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. However, the size of its Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants (BA.1/2) wave remains poorly understood. We analyzed sequential serum samples collected through a prospective cohort study before, during, and after the Omicron BA.1/2 wave to infer infection rates and monitor changes in the immune histories of participants over time. We found that the Omicron BA.1/2 wave infected more than half of the cohort population, with reinfections and vaccine breakthroughs accounting for > 60% of all infections in both rural and urban sites. After the Omicron BA.1/2 wave, we found few (< 6%) remained naïve to SARS-CoV-2 and the population immunologic landscape is fragmented with diverse infection/immunization histories. Prior infection with the ancestral strain, Beta, and Delta variants provided 13%, 34%, and 51% protection against Omicron BA.1/2 infection, respectively. Hybrid immunity and repeated prior infections reduced the risks of Omicron BA.1/2 infection by 60% and 85% respectively. Our study sheds light on a rapidly shifting landscape of population immunity in the Omicron era and provides context for anticipating the long-term circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in populations no longer naïve to the virus.
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