ArticleBilingualism (Cambridge, England)2022
Characterization of English and Spanish language proficiency among middle school English learners with reading difficulties.
Article in Bilingualism (Cambridge, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multifactorial approaches to study bilingualism in the aging population: Past, present, future.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Pooled it
- L1 and L2 Contributions to English Reading in Middle School Struggling Readers.Bilingualism (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- The Impact of Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress on the Academic Functioning of Latine Middle School Students: The Moderating Role of Language Use.Journal of latinx psychology · 2025Article
- Does the Effectiveness of a Reading Intervention Differ Dependent on Students' Spanish or English Proficiencies?Learning and individual differences · 2024Article
- Cognitive Predictors of the Overlap of Reading and Math in Middle School.Learning and individual differences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Among bilinguals, language-related variables such as first and second language proficiency and balance may be related to important cognitive and academic outcomes, but approaches to characterizing these variables are inconsistent, particularly among at-risk samples of children. The current study employed comprehensive language assessment of English and Spanish language skills and contrasted various approaches to the characterization of language among at-risk ELs in middle school (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.