ArticlePeerJ2023
The bony cap and its distinction from the distal phalanx in humans, cats, and horses.
Article in PeerJ, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It has been recognized as early as the Victorian era that the apex of the distal phalanx has a distinct embryological development from the main shaft of the distal phalanx. Recent studies in regenerative medicine have placed an emphasis on the role of the apex of the distal phalanx in bone regrowth. Despite knowledge about the unique aspects of the distal phalanx, all phalanges are often treated as equivalent. Our morphological study reiterates and highlights the special anatomical and embryological properties of the apex of the distal phalanx, and names the apex "the bony cap" to distinguish it. We posit that the distal phalanx shaft is endochondral, while the bony cap is intramembranous and derived from the ectodermal wall. During development, the bony cap may be a separate structure that will fuse to the endochondral distal phalanx in the adult, as it ossifies well before the distal phalanges across taxa. Our study describes and revives the identity of the bony cap, and we identify it in three mammalian species: humans, cats, and horses (
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