Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36641519›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2023

Modernization, collectivism, and gender equality predict love experiences in 45 countries.

Piotr Sorokowski, Marta Kowal, Robert J Sternberg, Toivo Aavik, Grace Akello, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Charlotte Alm, Naumana Amjad, Afifa Anjum, Kelly Asao and 96 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The Molecular Basis of Love.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. What's love got to do with jealousy?Frontiers in psychology · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

106 authors.

Piotr SorokowskiUniversity of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland. sorokowskipiotr@yahoo.co.uk.
Marta KowalUniversity of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
Robert J SternbergCornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Toivo AavikUniversity of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Grace AkelloGulu University, Gulu, Uganda.
Mohammad Madallh AlhabahbaMiddle East University, Amman, Jordan.
Charlotte AlmStockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Naumana AmjadNUR International University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Afifa AnjumUniversity of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Kelly AsaoWestminster College, Salt Lake City, USA.
Chiemezie S AtamaUniversity of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Derya Atamtürk DuyarIstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Richard AyebareTHETA Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
Daniel Conroy-BeamUniversity of California, Santa Barbara, USA.
Mons BendixenNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Aicha BensafiaUniversity of Algiers 2, Algiers, Algeria.
Boris BizumicAustralian National University AU, Canberra, Australia.
Mahmoud BoussenaUniversity of Sétif2, Setif, Algeria.
David M BussUniversity of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA.
Marina ButovskayaInstitute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Moscow, Russia.
Seda CanIzmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey.
Antonin CarrierUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.
Hakan CetinkayaYaşar University, Izmir, Turkey.
Ilona CroyTU Dresden, Izmir, Germany.
Rosa María CuetoPontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Perú.
Marcin CzubUniversity of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
Daria DronovaInstitute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Moscow, Russia.
Seda DuralIzmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey.
Izzet DuyarIstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Berna ErtugrulIstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Agustín EspinosaPontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Perú.
Ignacio EstevanUniversidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Carla Sofia EstevesCatólica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbona, Portugal.
Tomasz FrackowiakUniversity of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
Jorge Contreras GarduñoUnidad Morelia UNAM, Morelia, Mexico.
Karina Ugalde GonzálezUniversidad Latina de Costa Rica, Costa Rica, Costa Rica.
Farida GuemazUniversity of Sétif2, Setif, Algeria.
Mária HalamováConstantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia.
Iskra HerakUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.
Marina HorvatUniversity of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
Ivana HromatkoUniversity of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Chin-Ming HuiChinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Jas Laile JaafarUniversity of Malaya, Lumpur, Malaysia.
Feng JiangUniversity of Greenwich, London, UK.
Konstantinos KafetsiosAristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Tina KavčičUniversity of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Leif Edward Ottesen KennairNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Nicolas KervynUniversité Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.
Truong Thi Khanh HaUniversity of Social Sciences and Humanities (VNU-Hanoi), Hanoi, Vietnam.
Imran Ahmed KhiljiIslamabad Model College for Boys, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Nils C KöbisUniversity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Aleksandra KosticUniversity of Niš, Niš, Serbia.
Hoang Moc LanUniversity of Social Sciences and Humanities (VNU-Hanoi), Hanoi, Vietnam.
András LángUniversity of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Georgina R LennardAustralian National University AU, Canberra, Australia.
Ernesto LeónPontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Perú.
Torun LindholmStockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Trinh Thi LinhUniversity of Social Sciences and Humanities (VNU-Hanoi), Hanoi, Vietnam.
Giulia LopezUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Nguyen Van LuotUniversity of Social Sciences and Humanities (VNU-Hanoi), Hanoi, Vietnam.
Alvaro MailhosUniversidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Zoi ManesiVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Rocio MartinezUniversity of Granada, Grenada, Spain.
Sarah L McKercharAustralian National University AU, Canberra, Australia.
Norbert MeskóUniversity of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Marija PejičićUniversity of Niš, Niš, Serbia.
Girishwar MisraUniversity of Delhi, Delhi, India.
Conal MonaghanAustralian National University AU, Canberra, Australia.
Emanuel C MoraUniversity of Havana, Havana, Cuba.
Alba Moya-GarófanoUniversity of Granada, Grenada, Spain.
Bojan MusilUniversity of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
Jean Carlos NatividadePontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
George NizharadzeFree University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Elisabeth OberzaucherUniversity of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Anna OleszkiewiczUniversity of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
Mohd Sofian Omar-FauzeeUniversiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia.
Ike E OnyishiUniversity of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Baris ÖzenerIstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Ariela Francesca PaganiUniversity of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
Vilmante PakalniskieneVilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Miriam PariseUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Farid PazhoohiUniversity of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Annette PisanskiUniversity of Havana, Havana, Cuba.
Katarzyna PisanskiUniversity of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
Edna PoncianoUniversity of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Coimba, Brazil.
Camelia PopaRomanian Academy - Institute of Philosophy and Psychology "C. Rădulescu-Motru", Bucharest, Romania.
Pavol ProkopComenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Muhammad RizwanUniversity of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.
Mario SainzPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Svjetlana SalkičevićUniversity of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Ruta SargautyteVilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Ivan Sarmány-SchullerInstitute of Experimental Psychology SAS, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Susanne SchmehlUniversity of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Anam ShahidUniversity of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Shivantika SharadUniversity of Delhi, Delhi, India.
Razi Sultan SiddiquiDHA Suffa University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Franco SimonettiPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Meri TadinacUniversity of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Christin-Melanie VauclairISCTE - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Luis Diego VegaUniversidad Latina de Costa Rica, Costa Rica, Costa Rica.
Kathryn V WalterUniversity of California, Santa Barbara, USA.
Dwi Ajeng WidariniUniversitas Prof. Dr Moestopo (Beragama), Jakarta, Indonesia.
Gyesook YooKyung Hee University, Kyung Hee, South Korea.
Marta ZaťkováConstantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia.
Maja ZupančičUniversity of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Agnieszka SorokowskaUniversity of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent cross-cultural and neuro-hormonal investigations have suggested that love is a near universal phenomenon that has a biological background. Therefore, the remaining important question is not whether love exists worldwide but which cultural, social, or environmental factors influence experiences and expressions of love. In the present study, we explored whether countries' modernization indexes are related to love experiences measured by three subscales (passion, intimacy, commitment) of the Triangular Love Scale. Analyzing data from 9474 individuals from 45 countries, we tested for relationships with country-level predictors, namely, modernization proxies (i.e., Human Development Index, World Modernization Index, Gender Inequality Index), collectivism, and average annual temperatures. We found that mean levels of love (especially intimacy) were higher in countries with higher modernization proxies, collectivism, and average annual temperatures. In conclusion, our results grant some support to the hypothesis that modernization processes might influence love experiences.

Indexed as

Gender EquityLoveHumansSexual BehaviorSexual PartnersSocial Change

Identifiers

PMID36641519
PMCPMC9840424

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.