ReviewCritical care (London, England)2023
The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score: has the time come for an update?
Review in Critical care (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07329595 (Monitoring the Clinical and Immunological Effects of Microbiome Changes Following Severe Burn Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 145 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Monitoring the Clinical and Immunological Effects of Microbiome Changes Following Severe Burn Injury
Who cites it
145 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Triglyceride-glucose index and short-term mortality of adult patients with sepsis: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Association of noradrenaline dose with mortality in critically ill patients: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Oral Melatonin in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: A Quasi-Experimental Pragmatic Trial.Journal of medical virology · 2026Trial
- Effect of probiotics on intestinal permeability in critically ill children with sepsis: preliminary results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- STREAM: A data-driven framework for physiological state monitoring in ICU patients.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Feasibility of a SOFA-Derived Organ Dysfunction Score in Cats with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Construction of an associative model for prolonged intensive care unit stay in sepsis patients combined with myocardial injury.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Scalable extraction of social determinants of health from clinical notes in a sepsis cohort using instruction-tuned language models.JAMIA open · 2026Article
- Ultrasonic markers for screening intra-abdominal hypertension in patients with pancreatic diseases.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- The Effects of Bromelain Supplementation on Clinical Outcomes, Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Validation of the updated sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA)-2 score in emergency department septic shock.Journal of intensive care · 2026Article
- Risk Factors for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Sepsis Caused by Peptic Ulcer Perforation: A Retrospective Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Interpreting SOFA-2 trajectories during advanced organ support: support dependency is not sudden organ recovery.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Article
- Prognostic factors and prognostic risk score of 30-day all-cause mortality in thyroid storm.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Clinical Predictors of Fatal Outcomes from Human Leptospirosis, Thailand, 2015-2024.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Article
- Comparative prognostic performance of SOFA-1 and SOFA-2 in patients with sepsis at ICU admission.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2026Article
- Does SOFA-2 improve mortality prediction in sepsis? A retrospective single-center observational cohort study comparing SOFA-1 and SOFA-2.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Validation of SOFA-2 score in sepsis and exploration of its extension with additional immune markers.Journal of intensive medicine · 2026Article
85 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was developed more than 25 years ago to provide a simple method of assessing and monitoring organ dysfunction in critically ill patients. Changes in clinical practice over the last few decades, with new interventions and a greater focus on non-invasive monitoring systems, mean it is time to update the SOFA score. As a first step in this process, we propose some possible new variables that could be included in a SOFA 2.0. By so doing, we hope to stimulate debate and discussion to move toward a new, properly validated score that will be fit for modern practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.