ArticleBMJ global health2023
Spatiotemporal dynamics of malaria in Zanzibar, 2015-2020.
Article in BMJ global health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Influence of climate variability and seasonal trends on malaria incidence in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania using generalized additive models.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal trends in P. falciparum malaria and identification of high-risk villages in Eastern Myanmar: an 8-year observational study.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Integrating mobility, travel survey, and malaria case data to understand drivers of malaria importation to Zanzibar, 2022-2023.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- The November-2023-March-2024 malaria epidemic in Zanzibar: a spatiotemporal epidemiological analysis.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Integrating mobility, travel survey, and malaria case data to understand drivers of malaria importation to Zanzibar, 2022-2023.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Modelling the effects of precipitation and temperature on malaria incidence in coastal and western Kenya.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Heterogeneous malaria transmission patterns in southeastern Tanzania driven by socio-economic and environmental factors.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Larval surveys reveal breeding site preferences of malaria vector Anopheles spp. in Zanzibar City.PloS one · 2025Article
- Microheterogeneity of Transmission Shapes Submicroscopic Malaria Carriage in Coastal Tanzania.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Upsurge in cases of travellers' malaria ex Zanzibar indicates that malaria is on the rebound in the archipelago.New microbes and new infections · 2024Article
- Strong isolation by distance and evidence of population microstructure reflect ongoingmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- How Real-Time Case-Based Malaria Surveillance Helps Zanzibar Get a Step Closer to Malaria Elimination: Description of Operational Platform and Resources.Global health, science and practice · 2023Article
- Risk of imported malaria infections in Zanzibar: a cross-sectional study.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2023Article
- Multiplexed ddPCR-amplicon sequencing reveals isolated Plasmodium falciparum populations amenable to local elimination in Zanzibar, Tanzania.Nature communications · 2023Article
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15 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite high coverage of malaria interventions, malaria elimination in Zanzibar remains elusive, with the annual number of cases increasing gradually over the last 3 years.
objectiveThe aims of the study were to (1) assess the spatiotemporal dynamics of malaria in Zanzibar between 2015 and 2020 and (2) identify malaria hotspots that would allow Zanzibar to develop an epidemiological stratification for more effective and granular intervention targeting.
methodsIn this study, we analysed data routinely collected by Zanzibar's Malaria Case Notification (MCN) system. The system collects sociodemographic and epidemiological data from all malaria cases. Cases are passively detected at health facilities (ie, primary index cases) and through case follow-up and reactive case detection (ie, secondary cases). Analyses were performed to identify the spatial heterogeneity of case reporting at shehia (ward) level during transmission seasons.
resultsFrom 1 January 2015 to 30 April 2020, the MCN system reported 22 686 index cases. Number of cases reported showed a declining trends from 2015 to 2016, followed by an increase from 2017 to 2020. More than 40% of cases had a travel history outside Zanzibar in the month prior to testing positive for malaria. The proportion of followed up index cases was approximately 70% for all years. Out of 387 shehias, 79 (20.4%) were identified as malaria hotspots in any given year; these hotspots reported 52% of all index cases during the study period. Of the 79 hotspot shehias, 12 were hotspots in more than 4 years, that is, considered temporally stable, reporting 14.5% of all index cases.
conclusionsOur findings confirm that the scale-up of malaria interventions has greatly reduced malaria transmission in Zanzibar since 2006. Analyses identified hotspots, some of which were stable across multiple years. Malaria efforts should progress from a universal intervention coverage approach to an approach that is more tailored to a select number of hotspot shehias.
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