Observational studyClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
Defining the Optimal Duration of Therapy for Hospitalized Patients With Complicated Urinary Tract Infections and Associated Bacteremia.
Observational study in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antimicrobial treatment for 7 versus 14 days in patients with bacteremia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Infection · 2025Pooled it
- Outcomes of Short Antibiotic Courses for Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation SocietyPooled it
- Navigating the Muddled Middle: A Case-Based Exploration of Oral β-Lactams for Systemic Gram-Negative Infections.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Real-World Effectiveness of Intravenous and Oral Antibiotic Stepdown Strategies for Gram-Negative Complicated Urinary Tract Infection With Bacteremia.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Oral β-Lactams, Fluoroquinolones, or Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for Definitive Treatment of UncomplicatedOpen forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Optimizing Antibiotic Use for Urinary Tract Infections: A Qualitative Assessment of Regular Prescribing Practices.Yonsei medical journal · 2026Article
- Seven versus fourteen days for resistant bloodstream infections: what do we actually know? A scoping review.Infection · 2026Review
- Evaluation of piperacillin-tazobactam appropriateness and underlying drivers of inappropriate prescribing in a Belgian University Hospital: a retrospective study.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2026Article
- Seven versus Fourteen Days of Antibiotics for Gram-Negative Bacteremia from a Urinary Tract Source: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Red cell distribution width to albumin ratio predicts short-term mortality in urosepsis: a dual-cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Relationship of the Endothelial Activation and Stress Index with 28-day mortality in urosepsis patients: a retrospective two-cohort investigation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Efficacy of hc-tNGS for pathogen identification for pediatric cUTIs: a real-world observational study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Observational
- The red cell distribution width to albumin ratio as a novel biomarker for predicting short-term mortality in severe pulmonary sepsis: a retrospective study with dual-cohort validation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram combining cytokines with traditional clinical parameters in predicting the risk of postoperative sepsis after ureteroscopic lithotripsy.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Rapid detection of gram-negative antimicrobial resistance determinants directly from positive blood culture broths using a multiplex PCR system.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- A Review on the Current and Future State of Urinary Tract Infection Diagnostics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Urinary tract infections in immunocompromised patients.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Antibiotic Therapy Duration for Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections: An Evidence-Based Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Acute kidney injury in paediatric kidney transplant recipients.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLimited data are available to guide effective antibiotic durations for hospitalized patients with complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs).
methodsWe conducted an observational study of patients ≥18 years at 24 US hospitals to identify the optimal treatment duration for patients with cUTI. To increase the likelihood patients experienced true infection, eligibility was limited to those with associated bacteremia. Propensity scores were generated for an inverse probability of treatment weighted analysis. The primary outcome was recurrent infection with the same species ≤30 days of completing therapy.
results1099 patients met eligibility criteria and received 7 (n = 265), 10 (n = 382), or 14 (n = 452) days of therapy. There was no difference in the odds of recurrent infection for patients receiving 10 days and those receiving 14 days of therapy (aOR: .99; 95% CI: .52-1.87). Increased odds of recurrence was observed in patients receiving 7 days versus 14 days of treatment (aOR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.40-4.60). When limiting the 7-day versus 14-day analysis to the 627 patients who remained on intravenous beta-lactam therapy or were transitioned to highly bioavailable oral agents, differences in outcomes no longer persisted (aOR: .76; 95% CI: .38-1.52). Of 76 patients with recurrent infections, 2 (11%), 2 (10%), and 10 (36%) in the 7-, 10-, and 14-day groups, respectively, had drug-resistant infections (P = .10).
conclusionsSeven days of antibiotics appears effective for hospitalized patients with cUTI when antibiotics with comparable intravenous and oral bioavailability are administered; 10 days may be needed for all other patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.