ReviewEuropean heart journal open2023
Neuromodulation in patients with refractory angina pectoris: a review.
Review in European heart journal open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contemporary and Emerging Therapies in the Management of Refractory Angina: A Clinical Review.Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions · 2026Review
- Article
- Refractory angina: mechanisms and stratified treatment in obstructive and non-obstructive chronic myocardial ischaemic syndromes.European heart journal · 2025Review
- Long term management of refractory angina due to cardiac syndrome X with peripheral nerve field stimulation (PNfS).Interventional pain medicine · 2025Article
- Integrative cardiovascular disease therapy: Linoleic acid restriction, enhanced external counterpulsation, and emerging nanotherapies.World journal of cardiology · 2025Review
- Length relationships between vertebral column and spinal cord: differential contributions of the cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral regions.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2025Article
- The Application of Artificial Intelligence to Enhance Spinal Cord Stimulation Efficacy for Chronic Pain Management: Current Evidence and Future Directions.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- Neuroimmune circuits in the plaque and bone marrow regulate atherosclerosis.Cardiovascular research · 2025Review
- Long-term lived experiences of patients with chronic pain or angina pectoris treated with spinal cord stimulation: a qualitative study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Stereotactic radiosurgery as neuromodulation of refractory angina: an initial case series.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Neuromodulation guide for the non-neuromodulator clinician: What it is and how it can benefit patients?Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Multiple Signaling Axes (TNF-α/IL1β/IL8, TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB, and TGF-β1/ROS) Associated With Coronary Collateral Circulation of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion in Geriatric Patients.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- Spinal cord stimulation in the treatment of refractory angina pectoris: 25-year clinical experience at a single center.Cardiology journal · 2025Article
- Prospective evaluation of spinal cord stimulation in refractory angina: insights from a single-center cohort.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Lumbar Sympathetic Block Leading to Increased Arterial Diameter and Blood Flow: A Mechanism of Therapeutic Benefit.Cureus · 2024Article
- Is electrical neuromodulation able to affect the extent and stability of coronary atheromatous plaques?European heart journal open · 2023Article
- Design and rationale of the efficacy of spinal cord stimulation in patients with refractory angina pectoris (SCRAP) trial.Clinical cardiology · 2023Article
- Editorial: Year in review: discussions in general cardiovascular medicine.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The number of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who have persisting angina pectoris despite optimal medical treatment known as refractory angina pectoris (RAP) is growing. Current estimates indicate that 5-10% of patients with stable CAD have RAP. In absolute numbers, there are 50 000-100 000 new cases of RAP each year in the USA and 30 000-50 000 new cases each year in Europe. The term RAP was formulated in 2002. RAP is defined as a chronic disease (more than 3 months) characterized by diffuse CAD in the presence of proven ischaemia which is not amendable to a combination of medical therapy, angioplasty, or coronary bypass surgery. There are currently few treatment options for patients with RAP. One such last-resort treatment option is spinal cord stimulation (SCS) with a Class of recommendation IIB, level of evidence B in the 2019 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. The aim of this review is to give an overview of neuromodulation as treatment modality for patients with RAP. A comprehensive overview is given on the history, proposed mechanism of action, safety, efficacy, and current use of SCS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.