Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36630531›Full record

ArticleDiabetes care2023

Age at Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes and Depressive Symptoms, Diabetes-Specific Distress, and Self-Compassion.

Mary M Barker, Melanie J Davies, Francesco Zaccardi, Emer M Brady, Andrew P Hall, Joseph J Henson, Kamlesh Khunti, Amelia Lake, Emma L Redman, Alex V Rowlands and 4 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
10.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026
    Review
  11. Diabetes Distress and its Associated factors among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine · 2026
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  17. Designing a regional clinical service for people with early-onset type 2 diabetes in England.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Mary M Barker1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.ORCID 0000-0002-5516-8615
Melanie J Davies1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.
Francesco Zaccardi1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.
Emer M Brady1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.
Andrew P Hall1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.
Joseph J Henson1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.
Kamlesh Khunti1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.ORCID 0000-0003-2343-7099
Amelia Lake6School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Emma L Redman2Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, U.K.
Alex V Rowlands1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.
Jane Speight6School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-1204-6896
Tom Yates1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.
Jack A Sargeant1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.
Michelle Hadjiconstantinou1Diabetes Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.
Leicester General Hospital · GBDeakin University · AUUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the association between age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms, diabetes-specific distress, and self-compassion among adults with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsThis analysis used data from the Chronotype of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Effect on Glycemic Control (CODEC) cross-sectional study. Information was collected on depressive symptoms, diabetes-specific distress, and self-compassion, measured using validated self-report questionnaires, in addition to sociodemographic and clinical data. Multivariable regression models, adjusted for diabetes duration, sex, ethnicity, deprivation status, prescription of antidepressants (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), and BMI were used to investigate the association between age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and each of the three psychological outcomes.

resultsA total of 706 participants were included; 64 (9.1%) were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at <40 years, 422 (59.8%) between 40 and 59 years, and 220 (31.2%) at ≥60 years of age. After adjustment for key confounders, including diabetes duration, younger age at diagnosis was significantly associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms (βadj: -0.18 [95% CI -0.25 to -0.10]; P < 0.01) and diabetes-specific distress (βadj: -0.03 [95% CI -0.04 to -0.02]; P < 0.01) and lower levels of self-compassion (βadj: 0.01 [95% CI 0.00 to 0.02]; P < 0.01).

conclusionsDiagnosis of type 2 diabetes at a younger age is associated with lower psychological well-being, suggesting the need for clinical vigilance and the availability of age-appropriate psychosocial support.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2AdultCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionHumansSelf-CompassionStress, Psychological

Identifiers

PMID36630531
PMCPMC10020022
OpenAlexW4315631822

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.