ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2023
Association between exposure to combustion-related air pollution and multiple sclerosis risk.
Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of air pollution exposure and brain structure and function during development.Environmental research · 2025Pooled it
- Geospatial analysis of environmental atmospheric risk factors in neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review update.Systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Ozone pollution as a possible trigger for multiple sclerosis in young people: the PEDIGREE study.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Associations Between Dietary Factors, Metabolic Factors, Sleep Disorders, Physical Activity, and the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Do Nitrosative Stress Molecules Hold Promise as Biomarkers for Multiple Sclerosis?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Long-term effects of air pollution on the incidence and progression of multiple sclerosis: A population cohort study in Isfahan, Iran.PloS one · 2025Article
- Global Research Trends and Hotspots in the Role of Cholesterol in Colorectal Cancer: A Bibliometric Analysis.Human mutation · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review of Air Pollution Exposure and Brain Structure and Function during Development.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- The lung-brain axis in multiple sclerosis: Mechanistic insights and future directions.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Head trauma results in manyfold increased risk of multiple sclerosis in genetically susceptible individuals.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2024Article
- Risk factors for multiple sclerosis in the context of Epstein-Barr virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSmoking and occupational pulmonary irritants contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) development. We aimed to study the association between ambient air pollution and MS risk and potential interaction with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*15:01 allele.
methodsExposure to combustion-related air pollution was estimated as outdoor levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx) at the participants' residence locations, by spatially resolved dispersion modelling for the years 1990-18. Using two population-based case-control studies (6635 cases, 8880 controls), NOx levels were associated with MS risk by calculating odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using logistic regression models. Interaction between high NOx levels and the HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele regarding MS risk was calculated by the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP). In addition, a register study was performed comprising all MS cases in Sweden who had received their diagnosis between 1993 and 2018 (n = 22 173), with 10 controls per case randomly selected from the National Population register.
resultsResidential air pollution was associated with MS risk. NOx levels (3-year average) exceeding the 90th percentile (24.6 µg/m3) were associated with an OR of 1.37 (95% CI 1.10-1.76) compared with levels below the 25th percentile (5.9 µg/m3), with a trend of increasing risk of MS with increasing levels of NOx (P <0.0001). A synergistic effect was observed between high NOx levels (exceeding the lower quartile among controls) and the HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele regarding MS risk (AP 0.26, 95% CI 0.13-0.29).
conclusionsOur findings indicate that moderate levels of combustion-related ambient air pollution may play a role in MS development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.