ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2023
Social isolation and 9-year dementia risk in community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries in the United States.
Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Older Adults' Social Relationships and Dental Visits: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Gerodontology · 2026Pooled it
- Unawareness of deficits in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review of its role in progression to Alzheimer's disease.BMC neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Climate Change and Extreme Weather Event Adaptations for Individuals With Dementia: A Systematic Review.Brain and behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Social Relationships and Tooth Loss in Adults Aged 60 Years and Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- An 18-month multimodal intervention trial for preventing dementia: J-MINT PRIME Tamba.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Trial
- Neighborhood Walkability Is Associated With Global Positioning System-Derived Community Mobility of Older Adults.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Trial
- Associations between cataract and cognitive impairment in a sample of the United States Population.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Midlife Vascular and Lifestyle Determinants of Late-Life Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Life-Course Prevention Framework with a Gulf (GCC) Perspective.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Social engagement and brain structure-informed cognitive domain trajectories in older adults: The National Health and Aging Trends Study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Dementia in the Middle East and North Africa: an integrative narrative review of epidemiology, risk structure, and health system implications.Journal of global health · 2026Review
- Personality Traits and Social Isolation in Older Adults.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Associations of social isolation and loneliness with neurological disorders, psychiatric disorders, brain structures and behavioural phenotypes among UK Biobank participants.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The association of Alzheimer's disease genetic risk with social connectedness in middle- and older ages.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Television and computer use and dementia risk in older adults with limited leisure or social activities: A prospective cohort study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- GWAS of Active Music Engagement Frequency in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.Research square · 2026Article
- Association Between Education Attainment and Hypertension Among Community-Dwelling Older Black and White Adults: The National Health & Trends Study.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2026Article
- Psychosocial hierarchies of modifiable risk for Alzheimer's disease: A networks analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Synergistic effects of group-based exercise to reduce loneliness and social isolation and to prevent cognitive decline among older adults with cancer.Frontiers in aging · 2026Article
- Association of road traffic noise exposure with dementia or cognitive impairment - A systematic review of longitudinal cohort studies.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Living alone and risk of dementia, cognitive decline, and institutionalization in the MEMENTO cohort.Frontiers in aging · 2026Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSocial isolation can influence whether older adults develop dementia. We examine the association between social isolation and incident dementia among older adults in a nationally representative sample of community dwelling older adults in the United States (U.S.). We also investigate whether this association varies by race and ethnicity.
methodsData (N = 5022) come from the National Health and Aging Trends Study, a longitudinal and nationally representative cohort of older adults in the U.S. A composite measure of social isolation was used to classify older adults as socially isolated or not socially isolated at baseline. Demographic and health factors were measured at baseline via self-report. Dementia was measured at each round of data collection. Discrete-time proportional hazard time-to-event models were used to assess the association between social isolation and incident dementia over 9 years (2011-2020).
resultsOf 5022 older adults, 1172 (23.3%) were socially isolated, and 3850 (76.7%) were not socially isolated. Adjusting for demographic and health factors, being socially isolated (vs. not socially isolated) was associated with a 1.28 (95% CI: 1.10-1.49) higher hazard of incident dementia over 9 years. There was no statistically significant difference by race and ethnicity.
conclusionSocial isolation among older adults is associated with greater dementia risk. Elucidating the pathway by which social isolation impacts dementia may offer meaningful insights for the development of novel solutions to prevent or ameliorate dementia across diverse racial and ethnic groups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.