ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2023
Cortical thickness, gray matter volume, and cognitive performance: a crosssectional study of the moderating effects of age on their interrelationships.
Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Transient brain structure changes after high phenylalanine exposure in adults with phenylketonuria.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Trial
- Impact of a Nutrient Formulation on Longitudinal Myelination, Cognition, and Behavior from Birth to 2 Years: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Structural brain indicators of cognitive performance in middle and late adulthood: The Human Connectome Project in Aging/Aging Adult Brain Connectome cohort.Neurobiology of aging · 2026Article
- Exploring the link between body physiology and cognition: the role of the brain and aging.npj aging · 2026Article
- Composite grey matter fingerprints for genetic frontotemporal dementia.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2026Article
- Timing and tempo of puberty and neurodevelopment following adversity: A registered report.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Comprehensive large-scale analyses reveal association between brain structure and cognitive ability during adolescence.Communications biology · 2026Article
- The role of age in the relationship between brain structure and cognition: moderator or confound?Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Schizophrenia as a Disorder of Biological Barriers: A Narrative Review and Potential Interventions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cerebellar structure is abnormal in schizophrenia and deviates from bipolar disorder.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2026Article
- Worse visibility of deep medullary veins is associated with larger lateral ventricles but not with cortical thickness.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2026Article
- Body mass index, cortical thickness and executive function in late childhood.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Association between Brain Structure and Cognitive Ability during Adolescence: Insights from a Comprehensive Large-Scale Analysis of 9 to 15 Year-Olds.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Examining the influence of musical sophistication, cognitive performance, and social skills on the Brain Age Gap Estimate (BrainAGE).Brain structure & function · 2025Article
- Investigating the Correlation Between Gray Matter Volume Changes and Cognitive Function Among Alzheimer's Disease Patients: An MRI-Based Analysis.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2025Article
- Effects of cortical thickness, volume, and memory performance on age differences in neural reinstatement of scene information.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2025Article
- Baseline and longitudinal changes in cortical thickness and hippocampal volume predict cognitive decline.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Article
- Structural MRI Biomarkers Related to Cognitive Recovery and Resistance to Recovery Using the Penalized Mixture Cure Model.Basic and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Reinstatement and transformation of memory traces for recognition.Science advances · 2025Article
- Investigating dynamic brain functional redundancy as a mechanism of cognitive reserve.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In a sample comprising younger, middle-aged, and older cognitively healthy adults (N = 375), we examined associations between mean cortical thickness, gray matter volume (GMV), and performance in 4 cognitive domains-memory, speed, fluency, and crystallized intelligence. In almost all cases, the associations were moderated significantly by age, with the strongest associations in the older age group. An exception to this pattern was identified in a younger adult subgroup aged <23 years when a negative association between cognitive performance and cortical thickness was identified. Other than for speed, all associations between structural metrics and performance in specific cognitive domains were fully mediated by mean cognitive ability. Cortical thickness and GMV explained unique fractions of the variance in mean cognitive ability, speed, and fluency. In no case, however, did the amount of variance jointly explained by the 2 metrics exceed 7% of the total variance. These findings suggest that cortical thickness and GMV are distinct correlates of domain-general cognitive ability, that the strength and, for cortical thickness, the direction of these associations are moderated by age, and that these structural metrics offer only limited insights into the determinants of individual differences in cognitive performance across the adult lifespan.
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Registered trials
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