ReviewThe Canadian journal of cardiology2023
Emerging Insights Into the Pathophysiology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With COVID-19 in Children.
Review in The Canadian journal of cardiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Roles of Oxidative Injury and Nitric Oxide System Derangements in Kawasaki Disease Pathogenesis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Review
- Incomplete Kawasaki Disease Versus Non-severe Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: Distinguishing Features from Contemporaneous Patients.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Neurological and neurodevelopmental effects of Covid and MIS-C on children.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Research Progress on Coronary Artery Injury and Myocardial Ischemia in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Respiratory Viral Co-Infections in Pediatric Patients: Clinical Impact and Implications for Healthcare Practice-A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Kawasaki Disease in Canada: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic.CJC pediatric and congenital heart disease · 2025Article
- 2D Speckle Tracking Strain Echocardiography in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Multicenter Analysis From the MUSIC Study.Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging · 2025Article
- The X-LinkedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Kawasaki disease in the pre- and post-COVID-19 era: shifts in patterns and outcomes from a multi-center study.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Dynamics of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated to COVID-19: steady severity despite declining cases and new SARS-CoV-2 variants-a single-center cohort study.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Molecular Mechanisms and Pathophysiology of Myocardial Disease: Insights from Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS) Associated with SARS-CoV-2.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Observational
- Advancing multidisciplinary management of pediatric hyperinflammatory disorders.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and Kawasaki disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Neurological complications caused by SARS-CoV-2.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- Pancytopenia and Acute Liver Failure Caused by Mild COVID-19 in an Older Patient: A Case Report.Cureus · 2024Article
- Cardiac manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis in the young in the USA: longitudinal results from the Myocarditis After COVID Vaccination (MACiV) multicenter study.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Clinical and Laboratory Parameters Associated with PICU Admission in Children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with COVID-19 (MIS-C).Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 16 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has emerged as a rare delayed hyperinflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and causes severe morbidity in the pediatric age group. Although MIS-C shares many clinical similarities to Kawasaki disease (KD), important differences in epidemiologic, clinical, immunologic, and potentially genetic factors exist and suggest potential differences in pathophysiology and points to be explored and explained. Epidemiologic features include male predominance, peak age of 6 to12 years, and specific racial or ethnicity predilections. MIS-C is characterized by fever, prominent gastrointestinal symptoms, mucocutaneous manifestations, respiratory symptoms, and neurologic complaints, and patients often present with shock. Cardiac complications are frequent and include ventricular dysfunction, valvular regurgitation, pericardial effusion, coronary artery dilation and aneurysms, conduction abnormalities, and arrhythmias. Emerging evidence regarding potential immunologic mechanisms suggest that an exaggerated T-cell response to a superantigen on the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein-as well as the formation of autoantibodies against cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and endothelial antigens-are major contributors to the inflammatory milieu of MIS-C. Further studies are needed to determine both shared and distinct immunologic pathway(s) that underlie the pathogenesis of MIS-C vs both acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and KD. There is evidence to suggest that the rare risk of more benign mRNA vaccine-associated myopericarditis is outweighed by a reduced risk of more severe MIS-C. In the current review, we synthesize the published literature to describe associated factors and potential mechanisms regarding an increased risk of MIS-C and cardiac complications, provide insights into the underlying immunologic pathophysiology, and define similarities and differences with KD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.