ArticleJapanese journal of radiology2023
The location of unilateral axillary lymphadenopathy after COVID-19 vaccination compared with that of metastasis from breast cancer without vaccination.
Article in Japanese journal of radiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccination of Adults With Cancer: ASCO Guideline.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Guideline
- Axillary Lymphadenopathy after COVID-19 Vaccination: Follow-up for Enlarged Lymph Nodes on MR Imaging.Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2025Article
- Distinguishing Axillary Lymphadenopathy after COVID-19 Vaccination from Malignant Lymphadenopathy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Niuxi-Mugua Formula in Treating Coronavirus Disease 2019Current computer-aided drug design · 2024Article
- Reply to comment to "axillary lymph nodes enlargement after Sars-CoV-2 vaccine in patients undergoing breast examination: a single-centre experience in 285 women".La Radiologia medica · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeUnilateral axillary lymphadenopathy is known to occur after coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination. Post-vaccination lymphadenopathy may mimic the metastatic lymph nodes in breast cancer, and it is challenging to distinguish between them. This study investigated whether the localization of axillary lymphadenopathy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could be used to distinguish reactive lymphadenopathy after COVID-19 vaccines from metastatic nodes. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe retrospectively examined preoperative MRI images of 684 axillae in 342 patients who underwent breast cancer surgery from June to October 2021. Lymphadenopathy was defined as cortical thickening or short axis ≥ 5 mm. The axilla was divided into ventral and dorsal parts on the axial plane using a perpendicular line extending from the most anterior margin of the muscle group, including the deltoid, latissimus dorsi, or teres major muscles, relative to a line along the lateral chest wall. We recorded the presence or absence of axillary lymphadenopathy in each area and the number of visible lymph nodes.
resultsOf 80 axillae, 41 and 39 were included in the vaccine and metastasis groups, respectively. The median time from the last vaccination to MRI was 19 days in the vaccine group. The number of visible axillary lymph nodes was significantly higher in the vaccine group (median, 15 nodes) than in the metastasis group (7 nodes) (P < 0.001). Dorsal lymphadenopathy was observed in 16 (39.0%) and two (5.1%) axillae in the vaccine and metastasis groups, respectively (P < 0.001). If the presence of both ventral and dorsal lymphadenopathy is considered indicative of vaccine-induced reaction, this finding has a sensitivity of 34.1%, specificity of 97.4%, and positive and negative predictive values of 93.3％ and 58.5%, respectively.
conclusionThe presence of deep axillary lymphadenopathy may be an important factor for distinguishing post-vaccination lymphadenopathy from metastasis. The number of axillary lymph nodes may also help.
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