Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36624437›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2023

The potential public health impact of adolescent 4CMenB vaccination on Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in England: a modelling study.

Katharine J Looker, Ross Booton, Najida Begum, Ekkehard Beck, Jing Shen, Katherine M E Turner, Hannah Christensen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
13.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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  5. Evaluating flood frequency analysis methods for sand dam projects: a case of Dire Dawa City Administration, Ethiopia.Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Effectiveness of the four-component protein-based meningococcal vaccine againstCanada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Management and prevention of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in the context of evolving antimicrobial resistance trends.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Review
  10. 4CMenB journey to the 10-year anniversary and beyond.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024
    Review
  15. Review
  16. [Urethritis-spectrum of pathogens, diagnostics and treatment].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Immune responses toFrontiers in immunology · 2023
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Katharine J LookerResearch Fellow in Mathematical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK. katharine.looker@bristol.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-3375-0807
Ross BootonSenior Research Associate in Mathematical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3013-4179
Najida BegumFreelance Consultant c/o GSK, Wavre, Belgium, 1300.ORCID 0000-0001-9186-8267
Ekkehard BeckSenior Director, Value Evidence and Outcomes, GSK, Wavre, Belgium, 1300.ORCID 0000-0002-2022-9190
Jing ShenSenior Manager, Health Economics, GSK, Wavre, Belgium, 1300.ORCID 0000-0002-7611-4173
Katherine M E TurnerReader in Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8152-6017
Hannah ChristensenSenior Lecturer in Infectious Disease Mathematical Modelling, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2388-9733
University of Bristol · GBGlaxoSmithKline (Belgium) · BE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDiagnoses of gonorrhoea in England rose by 26% between 2018 and 2019. Recent evidence that a vaccine against meningococcal B disease currently offered to infants in the UK (4CMenB) could additionally protect (with 31% efficacy) against gonorrhoea has led to renewed hope for a vaccine. A Phase 2 proof-of-concept trial of 4CMenB vaccination against gonorrhoea in adults is currently underway.

objectivesTo investigate the potential public health impact of adolescent gonorrhoea vaccination in England, considering different implementation strategies.

methodsWe developed a deterministic transmission-dynamic model of gonorrhoea infection among heterosexual 13-64-year-olds stratified by age, sex and sexual activity. We explored the impact of a National Immunisation Programme (NIP) among 14-year-olds for a vaccine with 31% efficacy, 6 years' duration of protection, and 85% uptake. We also explored how impact might change for varying efficacy (20-50%) and uptake (75-95%), the addition of a catch-up programme, the use of boosters, and varying duration of protection.

resultsAn NIP against gonorrhoea could lead to 50,000 (95% credible interval, CrI 31,000-80,000) and 849,000 (95%CrI 476,000-1,568,000) gonorrhoea infections being averted over 10 and 70 years, respectively, in England, for a vaccine with 31% efficacy and 85% uptake. This is equivalent to 25% (95%CrI 17-33%) of heterosexual infections being averted over 70 years. Vaccine impact is predicted to increase over time and be greatest among 13-18-year-olds (39% of infections 95%CrI 31-49% averted) over 70 years. Varying vaccine efficacy and duration of protection had a noticeable effect on impact. Catch-up and booster vaccination increased the short- and long-term impact, respectively.

conclusionsA partially-effective vaccine against gonorrhoea infection, delivered to 14-year-olds alongside the MenACWY vaccine, could have an important population impact on gonorrhoea. Catch-up and booster vaccination could be considered alongside cohort vaccination to increase impact.

Indexed as

GonorrheaMeningococcal InfectionsMeningococcal VaccinesAdolescentAdultEnglandHumansInfantProof of Concept StudyPublic HealthVaccinationMeningococcal VaccinesEnglandGonorrhoeaHumansNeisseria gonorrhoeaePublic healthSexually-transmitted infectionVaccination

Identifiers

PMID36624437
PMCPMC9829524
OpenAlexW4313856767

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.