ReviewEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2023
Teaching rational prescribing in undergraduate medical education: a systematic search and review.
Review in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- What should be updated in the WHO guide to good prescribing?European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Educational Value of Artificial Intelligence in Pharmacotherapy Education.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Article
- Enhancing pharmacology education through role-play: impact on student attitudes.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Expectation and Needs of Medical Students Towards the Implementation of Virtual Simulation in Learning Rational Use of Medicine.Journal of advances in medical education & professionalism · 2024Article
- Systematic review of survey/questionnaire-based drug utilization studies in Turkiye.Northern clinics of Istanbul · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimThis study aimed to reveal the current status of the literature on rational prescribing training in undergraduate medical education.
methodsThis study followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. An online search using 50 keywords in four databases was performed to access the studies published between 2008 and 2020. Specific features of the training such as aims or objectives of teaching, methods or model, and evaluation of effectiveness were extracted. Kirkpatrick levels were used to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching.
resultsOf 74 studies included in the full review, 16 (21.6%) of them reported the use of WHO 6-Step Model for Rational Prescribing in their educational interventions. In terms of effectiveness, only two of the studies investigated changes in learner behavior in the context for which they are being trained, and only one study showed the effect of training on patient outcomes.
conclusionThe evidence on the effectiveness of rational prescribing training has been presented mostly by using student satisfaction surveys and test of knowledge and skills. A higher level of evidence such as patient outcomes of the training needs to be reported.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.