ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2023
Disparities in cancer incidence by rurality in California.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of Rebound in Cancer Diagnoses in California in 2022, by Stage, Sociodemographic Factors, and Rurality.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- Acceptability of a practical geriatric assessment intervention with older adult cancer survivors and community health workers/promotoras: a qualitative investigation.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Cancer Incidence and Trends in Persistent Poverty Areas of California by Race/Ethnicity and Sex.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Spatial clusters and temporal trends of cutaneous malignant melanoma mortality in Spain.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
- Disparities in Cancer Stage Shifts Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic in California, 2020 to 2021.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Disparities in Cancer Stage of Diagnosis by Rurality in California, 2015 to 2019.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- An essential goal within reach: attaining diversity, equity, and inclusion for the Journal of the National Cancer Institute journals.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2023Article
- Improving rural cancer prevention: targeted data and understanding rural-specific factors and lived experiences.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cancer Occurrence and Outcomes in Rural United States: A Scoping Review.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCancer rates in rural areas across the United States have different patterns than in urban areas. This study examines associations between rurality and incidence for the top 5 cancers in California and evaluates whether these associations vary jointly by sex, race, and ethnicity.
methodsWe used 2015-2019 California Cancer Registry data to compare incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and trends for breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, and skin (melanoma) cancers. We leveraged census tract aggregation zones and 7 levels of percentage rural population (0%, >0% to <10%, 10% to <20%, 20% to <30%, 30% to <40%, 40% to <50%, and 50+%).
resultsZones with higher proportions of rural population were significantly associated with lower incidence of female breast cancer and prostate cancer, though the trends were not statistically significant overall. Zones with higher proportions of rural population were significantly associated with higher incidence of lung cancer and melanoma. There were no statistically significant trends for colorectal cancer overall. Comparing areas with 50% and over rural population with areas with 0% rural population, the IRR for lung cancer in Hispanic females was higher (IRR = 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17 to 1.74) than in Hispanic males (IRR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.72 to 1.11). Also, in areas with 50% or more rural population, the IRR for melanoma was higher in Hispanic females (IRR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.23 to 2.45) than non-Hispanic White females (IRR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.80 to 0.95).
conclusionsOur findings show that rurality is associated with cancer incidence and underscore the importance of jointly examining rural disparities with sex, race, and ethnicity by cancer site.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.