ArticleLearning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)2022
Discriminating goal-directed and habitual cocaine seeking in rats using a novel outcome devaluation procedure.
Article in Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Fentanyl reinforcement history has sex-specific effects on multi-step decision-making.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Goal-directed actions and habits in head-fixed mice.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Random interval schedule of reinforcement influences punishment resistance for cocaine in rats.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2024Article
- Punishment resistance for cocaine is associated with inflexible habits in rats.Addiction neuroscience · 2024Article
- Making and breaking habits: Revisiting the definitions and behavioral factors that influence habits in animals.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2024Review
- Drug reinforcement impairs cognitive flexibility by inhibiting striatal cholinergic neurons.Nature communications · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Habits are theorized to play a key role in compulsive cocaine seeking, yet there is limited methodology for assessing habitual responding for intravenous (IV) cocaine. We developed a novel outcome devaluation procedure to discriminate goal-directed from habitual responding in cocaine-seeking rats. This procedure elicits devaluation temporarily and requires no additional training, allowing repeated testing at different time points. After training male rats to self-administer IV cocaine, we devalued the drug outcome via experimenter-administered IV cocaine (a "satiety" procedure) prior to a 10-min extinction test. Many rats were sensitive to outcome devaluation, a hallmark of goal-directed responding. These animals reduced responding when given a dose of experimenter-administered cocaine that matched or exceeded satiety levels during self-administration. However, other rats were insensitive to experimenter-administered cocaine, suggesting their responding was habitual. Importantly, reinforcement schedules and neural manipulations that produce goal-directed responding (i.e., ratio schedules or dorsolateral striatum lesions) caused sensitivity to outcome devaluation, whereas reinforcement schedules and neural manipulations that produce habitual responding (i.e., interval schedules or dorsomedial striatum lesions) caused insensitivity. Satiety-based outcome devaluation is an innovative new tool to dissect the neural and behavioral mechanisms underlying IV cocaine-seeking behavior.
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Registered trials
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