ReviewCancer discovery2023
The Great Immune Escape: Understanding the Divergent Immune Response in Breast Cancer Subtypes.
Review in Cancer discovery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 150 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
150 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- A systematic review of the efficacy of cancer vaccines in advanced breast cancer.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of CBT-based interventions on health outcomes in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Pooled it
- Neoadjuvant stereotactic body radiation therapy with durvalumab and oleclumab in ERNature medicine · 2026Trial
- Long-term outcomes by lobular vs ductal histology in 4 National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project adjuvant breast cancer trials.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Trial
- Metronomic chemotherapy plus anti-PD-1 in metastatic breast cancer: a Bayesian adaptive randomized phase 2 trial.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- First-in-human study of SBRT and adenosine pathway blockade to potentiate the benefit of immunochemotherapy in early-stage luminal B breast cancer: results of the safety run-in phase of the Neo-CheckRay trial.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Trial
- Multi-platform analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment associated with breast cancer subtypes.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- The immunology of human breast cancer.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- SPRED2 Negatively Regulates CD8Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Differential expression of TKS4 isoforms and their role in cellular processes in breast cancer.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2026Article
- Amplification of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B aids in immune infiltration regulation and breast cancer tumorigenesis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- Decoding triple negative breast cancer bone metastasis: from 3D bioprinted models to clinical translation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Deep interpretable radiogenomic workflow deciphers tumor microenvironment from breast MRI and identifies clinician-interpretable biomarkers.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Astragaloside IV inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by inhibiting SATB2/Wnt/PD-L1 pathway and enhancing the killing activity of T cells.European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2026Article
- A Butyrate Metabolism-Related Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis, Immune Landscape, and Immunotherapy Efficacy in Breast Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- TLScope: a deep learning framework for quantifying tertiary lymphoid structures from H&E images reveals prognostic heterogeneity across breast cancer subtypes.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Cancer-immunity cycle-based molecular subtypes in breast cancer predict the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Article
- Development and validation of an interpretable machine learning model for postoperative radiotherapy decision-making in ypN0 breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a real-world study.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- HER2 and urothelial carcinoma: current understanding and future directions.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
90 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most common type of cancer affecting women, encompasses a collection of histologic (mainly ductal and lobular) and molecular subtypes exhibiting diverse clinical presentation, disease trajectories, treatment options, and outcomes. Immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment for some solid tumors but has shown limited promise for breast cancers. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the complex interactions between tumor and immune cells in subtypes of breast cancer at the cellular and microenvironmental levels. We aim to provide a perspective on opportunities for future immunotherapy agents tailored to specific features of each subtype of breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Although there are currently over 200 ongoing clinical trials testing immunotherapeutics, such as immune-checkpoint blockade agents, these are largely restricted to the triple-negative and HER2+ subtypes and primarily focus on T cells. With the rapid expansion of new in vitro, in vivo, and clinical data, it is critical to identify and highlight the challenges and opportunities unique for each breast cancer subtype to drive the next generation of treatments that harness the immune system.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.