ReviewNutrients2023
Are Front-of-Pack Nutrition Labels Influencing Food Choices and Purchases, Diet Quality, and Modeled Health Outcomes? A Narrative Review of Four Systems.
Review in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Five Types of Front-of-Package Nutrition Labels on Consumer Behavior among Young Adults: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Evaluating the Impact of Singapore's Nutri-Grade Beverage Labels on Prepackaged Beverage Purchases and Product Nutrient Composition: A Before-After Study, 2019-2024.American journal of public health · 2026Article
- Changes in Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake From Before to After Nutrition Labeling Policy Implementation: A Comparison of Mexico and the United States.Preventing chronic disease · 2026Article
- Nutritional contents, nutritional quality and manufacturer of ready foods in China: a cross-sectional study of 2087 food products.Nutrition & diabetes · 2026Article
- The Future of Food Processing-A Food Science and Technology Perspective. Proceedings of a Roundtable Event.Nutrition bulletin · 2026Article
- Perspective: What is the Likely Impact of the Proposed Food and Drug Administration Front-of-Package Criteria on the Labeling of Foods?Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Shaping food system governance: mapping the national food and nutrition legislation landscape across Europe.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Warning and green labels versus Nutri-Score: visual attention and product evaluation in a binational eye-tracking study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Directive vs. Reductive Front-of-Pack Labels: Differences in Italian Consumers' Responses to the Nutri-Score and the NutrInform Battery.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Reformulation of ultra-processed products in Colombia after the introduction of public health regulations.BMC medicine · 2025Observational
- Article
- Effect on consumers' sustainable purchase intention of dietary supplement purine labeling.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Comparing the influence of front-of-pack nutrition labels on Saudi consumers' understanding and food selection.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Development of Ferrero Nutrition Criteria: category-specific, progressive guidelines for product innovation.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Estimated health impacts of reformulation resulting from Health Star Rating nutrition labelling in Aotearoa New Zealand.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2025Article
- Nutri-Score in the European Food Retail Supply: A Potential Incentive for Food Reformulation?Nutrients · 2024Article
- Recognizing the ethical complexity of food policies and the role of the food industry.Health promotion international · 2024Article
- Can Front-of-Pack Labeling Encourage Food Reformulation? A Cross-Sectional Study on Packaged Bread.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Global Trends and Research Collaborations on Food and Beverages Warning Labels: A Bibliometric Analysis.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Comparison of the nutritional composition and calculated Nutri-score classifications of the Dutch food retail supply in 2018 and 2020.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Front-of-Pack Nutrition labels (FOPNLs) aim to improve consumers' food purchases and prompt product reformulation by the food and beverage industry. Despite their widespread use, the effectiveness of FOPNL in achieving these goals is still a matter of debate. This review has gathered 65 original studies exploring the performances of four widely used FOPNLs (Multiple Traffic Light, Warning signs, Nutri-Score and Health Star Rating). Although FOPNLs have been associated with healthier food purchases, the magnitude of improvements was small and dependent on study settings. Any associated health effects were modeled rather than observed. None of the four FOPNLs clearly outperformed the other ones on any outcome. Few studies dealt with the impact of FOPNL on product reformulation. Some of those studies, but not all, found small reductions in energy, sodium, sugar and saturated fat content of foods in some food categories. Although global trends point to a small favorable effect of FOPNL, this conclusion is subject to caution since the evidence is inconsistent and comes from a wide variety of contexts and study designs. There remain numerous research gaps, notably with regard to the optimal characteristics of FOPNLs, the durability of FOPNL effects on consumer behaviors, and any possible unexpected consequences.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.