ReviewNutrients2022
Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Insulin Resistance, from Protein Supply to Diet-Induced Obesity.
Review in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Apparent Saturation of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Catabolism After High Dietary Milk Protein Intake in Healthy Adults.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Trial
- Pecan Intake Improves Lipoprotein Particle Concentrations Compared with Usual Intake in Adults at Increased Risk of Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Whole-body and intracellular arginine metabolism in hypertension: role of disease severity and sex.American journal of hypertension · 2026Observational
- Article
- Amino Acid Metabolism in Health and Disease.MedComm · 2026Review
- Grape-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles Ameliorate Prediabetes in Mice via Amino Acid Metabolic Reprogramming.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Integrated serum and fecal metabolomics identifies compartment-specific metabolic remodeling in mice fed high-fat and Western diets.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- The Complex Relation of Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Inflammation in the Obesity and Diabetes Context.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- Branched-Chain and Aromatic Amino Acids Mark Early Metabolic Shifts in Adults with Varying Adiposity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota composition and functional pathways associated with metabolic syndrome in Mexican adult women: cross-sectional analysis.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Virgin Coconut Oil Attenuates Diabetic Kidney Disease via Gut Microbiota-Metabolism-Inflammation Axis Modulation in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Time-dependent plasma metabolic shifts and mechanistic insights into systemic consequences of cerebral ischemia in middle-aged patients.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- Maternal metabolic signatures at early gestation associated with birth weight and neurodevelopment in early childhood.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Surface acoustic wave hemolysis assay for evaluating stored red blood cells.Lab on a chip · 2026Article
- A nomogram for predicting insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome based on serum amino acid profiles and anti-Müllerian hormone.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Mediating Role of Plasma Biomarkers Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Progress on hydrogel delivery systems targeting metabolism disorders in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Key dietary amino acids modulating overweight/obesity risk in Chinese children and adolescents: a machine learning analysis of a national survey.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Branched-chain amino acids from plants and the metabolic syndrome: pathways and pharmacological applications.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Branched-chain amino acid metabolism and macrophage polarization: potential regulatory nodes and therapeutic targets in diabetes-associated metabolic inflammation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For more than a decade, there has been a wide debate about the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine, valine, and isoleucine, with, on the one hand, the supporters of their anabolic effects and, on the other hand, those who suspect them of promoting insulin resistance. Indeed, the role of leucine in the postprandial activation of protein synthesis has been clearly established, even though supplementation studies aimed at taking advantage of this property are rather disappointing. Furthermore, there is ample evidence of an association between the elevation of their plasma concentrations and insulin resistance or the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, although there are many confounding factors, starting with the level of animal protein consumption. After a summary of their metabolism and anabolic properties, we analyze in this review the factors likely to increase the plasma concentrations of BCAAs, including insulin-resistance. After an analysis of supplementation or restriction studies in search of a direct role of BCAAs in insulin resistance, we discuss an indirect role through some of their metabolites: branched-chain keto acids, C3 and C5 acylcarnitines, and hydroxyisobutyrate. Overall, given the importance of insulin in the metabolism of these amino acids, it is very likely that small alterations in insulin sensitivity are responsible for a reduction in their catabolism long before the onset of impaired glucose tolerance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.